A nurse is admitting an 8-year-old child to the pediatric unit.
The nurse suspects the child has bacterial meningitis.
Select words from the choices to fill in each blank in the following sentence. The child is at greatest risk for developing
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"A"}
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)- Bacterial meningitis can lead to septicemia, which may trigger DIC. Petechiae or purpura (noted earlier) suggest potential coagulation abnormalities. DIC results in widespread clotting and subsequent bleeding, which can be life-threatening.
Hydrocephalus- Meningeal inflammation can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow, leading to increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Symptoms such as headache, lethargy, irritability, and nuchal rigidity suggest increased ICP and potential hydrocephalus development.
Hypothermia- The child presents with fever (38.7°C/101.7°F), which is typical in bacterial infections rather than hypothermia. Septic shock can cause hypothermia in late stages, but early-stage bacterial meningitis more commonly causes fever.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "You will need to give your child a course of corticosteroids." Corticosteroids are not used to treat scabies. Treatment involves topical permethrin cream or oral ivermectin, not steroids.
B. "Your entire home will need to be thoroughly cleaned." While cleaning bedding, clothing, and personal items is important, a full deep-cleaning of the home is not necessary because mites do not survive long away from human skin.
C. "Any person who has been in close contact with the child needs treatment." Scabies is highly contagious, and all household members and close contacts should be treated simultaneously to prevent reinfestation.
D. "Place your nonwashable items in sealed plastic bags for up to 5 days." Scabies mites can survive off the body for up to 3 days, so items should be bagged for at least 3 days, not 5.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Elevated temperature. An elevated temperature is a common symptom of infection, including bacterial pneumonia, but it is not a direct risk factor for aspiration. The concern for aspiration is more related to a child's ability to protect their airway.
B. Neurological deficit. A neurological deficit, such as a decreased level of consciousness or impaired swallowing reflexes, increases the risk of aspiration. A child with neurological impairment may have difficulty swallowing or protecting their airway, making them more prone to inhaling food, fluids, or other substances into the lungs, leading to aspiration pneumonia.
C. Inspiratory wheezing. Inspiratory wheezing is more likely to be associated with conditions like asthma or airway obstruction, not specifically with aspiration. It does not directly indicate a risk for aspiration.
D. Rapid respirations. Rapid respirations can be a sign of respiratory distress, common in pneumonia, but they do not directly indicate a risk for aspiration. The risk for aspiration is more closely linked to issues with swallowing and airway protection, not just the rate of respiration.
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