A nurse is assessing a 10-year-old child who has an autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following findings are expected?
Difficulty reading Instructions for a game.
Continuous rocking of the body
Difficulties in mastering the rules of spelling
Difficulties in remembering facts and numbers
The Correct Answer is B
B. Continuous rocking of the body, is a repetitive behavior commonly observed in children with ASD. This behavior, known as stereotypy or self-stimulatory behavior, involves repetitive movements such as rocking, hand-flapping, or spinning, which are often self-soothing or self- regulating in nature.
A. Some children with ASD may struggle with tasks involving language comprehension or processing, such as reading instructions. However, this difficulty is not universal among all children with ASD and can vary depending on individual strengths and challenges.
C. Some children with ASD may have challenges with language and communication skills but including spelling, this difficulty is not specific to ASD.
D. Memory difficulties can be associated with various neurodevelopmental conditions, including ASD, but they are not a defining characteristic of ASD.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
D. Factitious disorder, also known as Munchausen syndrome, is a mental health condition characterized by a pattern of behavior in which an individual deliberately fabricates, exaggerates, or induces physical or psychological symptoms in themselves to assume the role of a patient.
A. This disorder involves preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness despite minimal or no somatic symptoms.
B. This disorder involves the presence of neurological symptoms that are incompatible with known neurological conditions and cannot be explained by another medical or mental disorder. C Dissociative amnesia involves the inability to recall important personal information, often related to traumatic or stressful events.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Late-onset schizophrenia typically presents with symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and social withdrawal. However, this does not differentiate it from typical schizophrenia.
B. Substance use, including cannabis use, is a known risk factor for the development of schizophrenia, particularly in individuals who are genetically predisposed to the disorder. However, cannabis use as a teenager alone does not necessarily indicate late-onset schizophrenia.
C. Paraphrenia or late onset schizophrenia generally occurs later in life and symptoms persist and intensify as the client ages. Schizophrenia is rarely diagnosed after the age of 40 and is considered late onset if diagnosed after the age of 40.
D. Family history of psychosis or schizophrenia is a significant risk factor for developing schizophrenia, including late-onset schizophrenia. However, having a family member who mirrors the client's behaviors of psychosis is not a specific finding indicative of late-onset schizophrenia.
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