A nurse in an outpatient facility is teaching a client about the development of mental illness. Which of the following statements by the nurse describes the role of a vulnerability gene?

"it is a gene variant that increases the risk for development of a specific mental illness."

"it is a gene variant that is responsible for an individual's resilience to stress."

"It is a gene variant that is responsible for the development of a specific mental illness.

it is a gene variant that determines an individual's likelihood of recovering from mental illness.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Vulnerability genes are genetic variants or factors that increase an individual's susceptibility or predisposition to developing a particular mental illness or disorder. These genes do not directly cause the illness but can increase the likelihood of its development when combined with environmental factors or stressors.

B. Resilience genes are genetic variations that confer resilience or the ability to adapt and cope effectively with stress, adversity, or traumatic experiences.

C. The effect of vulnerability genes is influenced by various factors, including environmental influences, lifestyle factors, and gene-environment interactions.

D. Vulnerability genes are associated with an increased risk of developing a specific mental illness rather than determining an individual's likelihood of recovering from mental illness.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. The immune system plays a crucial role in the body's response to infections and inflammation. Research suggests that dysregulation of the immune system, including chronic inflammation and autoimmune disorders, may contribute to the development or exacerbation of certain mental health disorders.

A. Adverse effects of treatment for mental health disorders can impact the client's well-being and quality of life but they are not typically considered risk factors for developing mental illness. B Medication adherence refers to the extent to which a client follows the prescribed treatment regimen. Poor adherence does not increase the risk for mental illness

C. Allergic reactions primarily affect the respiratory or immune systems and are not typically linked to mental health outcomes.

A. HIV infection B. Alzheimer's disease C. Prion disease D. Substance use disorder

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B In Alzheimer's disease, cortical thinning typically begins in the temporal and parietal lobes of the brain, areas associated with memory, language, and higher cognitive functions. As the disease progresses, cortical thinning may extend to other regions of the brain, contributing to the worsening cognitive decline seen in affected individuals.

A. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) can result in various structural and functional changes in the brain, including cortical atrophy, but cortical thinning is not a specific hallmark of HIV infection-related dementia.

C. Prion diseases can lead to spongiform changes and neuronal loss in the brain, but cortical thinning is not typically described as a characteristic feature.

D. Chronic substance abuse, particularly alcohol and certain drugs, can lead to structural and functional changes in the brain, including cortical atrophy. However, cortical thinning is not specific to substance use disorder-related dementia and can occur in various other neurological conditions as well.

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A nurse in an outpatient facility is teaching a client about the development of mental illness. Which of the following statements by the nurse describes the role of a vulnerability gene?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is collecting the health history of a client and determines that the client has risk factors for developing mental illness. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a possible contributing factor in the development of a mental health disorder?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing a client's MRI results that show cortical thinning. The nurse should identify that this finding is evident in which of the following types of dementia?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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