A nurse is assessing a child with diabetes mellitus.
The child complains of excessive thirst and increased urination.
Which statement by the nurse is appropriate for addressing the child's concern?
"You need to drink less water to control your urination.”..
"These symptoms are because your body has trouble using glucose properly.”..
"You should eat more to satisfy your increased hunger.”..
"This weight loss is due to a decrease in appetite.”..
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Telling the child to drink less water to control urination is not an appropriate response.
Excessive thirst and increased urination are common symptoms of diabetes, and they occur because the body is trying to get rid of excess glucose through urine.
Dehydration is a concern in diabetes, so advising the child to drink less water is not advisable.
Choice B rationale:
Explaining to the child that these symptoms are due to their body having trouble using glucose properly is an accurate and appropriate response.
Excessive thirst and increased urination are classic symptoms of diabetes mellitus.
When the body cannot use glucose effectively, it tries to eliminate excess glucose through urine, leading to increased urination and subsequent thirst to combat dehydration.
Choice C rationale:
Suggesting that the child should eat more to satisfy their increased hunger is not an appropriate response.
Increased hunger can also be a symptom of diabetes, and advising the child to eat more without addressing the underlying issue of glucose regulation is not helpful.
Choice D rationale:
Weight loss is often an early symptom of diabetes, and it occurs because the body is unable to properly utilize glucose for energy.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Frequent monitoring is not primarily done to adjust the diet plan.
While monitoring can provide information about the patient's nutritional needs, the primary purpose of monitoring in DKA is to assess the effectiveness of insulin therapy and to guide electrolyte replacement.
Choice B rationale:
Monitoring blood glucose and electrolyte levels helps guide insulin and electrolyte replacement therapy in DKA.
It allows healthcare providers to make necessary adjustments in insulin dosing and electrolyte replacement to ensure the patient's safety and a successful recovery.
Choice C rationale:
Frequent monitoring is not primarily aimed at checking for allergic reactions to insulin.
Allergic reactions to insulin are relatively rare, and monitoring is mainly done to assess treatment effectiveness and the patient's response to therapy.
Choice D rationale:
Monitoring is not a standard procedure for all patients regardless of their condition.
It is essential in DKA management, but it is not universally applicable to all patients.
Monitoring is performed based on the patient's specific condition and treatment needs.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Insulin is a crucial part of managing diabetes, especially in the case of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
It helps lower blood sugar levels and counteracts the effects of high blood glucose, which is characteristic of DKA.
Avoiding insulin at all costs is not an appropriate approach as it can lead to worsening of DKA.
Choice B rationale:
The nurse should emphasize the need for frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels.
This is because DKA is associated with significantly elevated blood glucose levels.
Regular monitoring allows for timely adjustments in insulin and other treatments, reducing the risk of complications.
Monitoring blood glucose levels is a fundamental aspect of diabetes management.
Choice C rationale:
Consuming a high-carbohydrate diet is not advisable in the context of DKA prevention.
High-carbohydrate diets can lead to elevated blood sugar levels, which may exacerbate the risk of DKA.
It's essential to maintain a balanced and controlled carbohydrate intake for individuals with diabetes.
Choice D rationale:
Avoiding follow-up appointments is not a suitable approach for DKA prevention.
Regular follow-up appointments with healthcare providers are essential for monitoring and adjusting the diabetes management plan.
Skipping follow-up appointments can lead to uncontrolled blood sugar levels and an increased risk of DKA.
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