A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with renal cancer. The client is complaining of flank pain. Which additional assessment finding should the nurse expect?

Flank mass and hematuria

Dark tarry stool and mental status change

Shortness of breath and chest pain

Urinary frequency and hypotension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Renal cancer can often present with a palpable flank mass due to tumor growth. Hematuria (blood in the urine) is also a common finding in patients with kidney tumors and can result from bleeding within the renal system. Flank pain, especially in the context of renal cancer, often accompanies these findings.
B.   Dark, tarry stools (melena) suggest gastrointestinal bleeding, which is not directly associated with renal cancer. Mental status changes could indicate various issues, such as metabolic imbalances or anemia, but they are not specific findings for renal cancer.
C.   While patients with advanced cancer may experience shortness of breath due to metastasis to the lungs or other complications, chest pain is not a direct finding associated with renal cancer. These symptoms could indicate other issues, such as cardiac or pulmonary problems.
D.   While urinary frequency can occur due to various urinary tract issues, it is not a classic symptom of renal cancer. Hypotension is also not a typical finding associated with renal cancer unless there is significant blood loss or other complications.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Many women diagnosed with ovarian cancer are indeed older, but the presence of other health problems is not a primary factor in explaining the high death rates. The key issue is more related to late- stage diagnosis rather than age alone.
B. While some ovarian cancer cells can develop resistance to treatment, it is not universally true for all cases. The high mortality rate is more often due to the late stage at which the cancer is diagnosed rather than inherent resistance to treatment. Thus, this option does not fully explain the high death rates.
C. Ovarian cancer often presents with vague symptoms that can be easily overlooked in the early stages, such as bloating, abdominal discomfort, or changes in bowel habits. As a result, many women do not receive a diagnosis until the cancer has progressed to a more advanced stage, contributing significantly to the high mortality rates associated with the disease.
D. While it is true that the ovaries are located deep in the pelvis, the main treatment for ovarian cancer typically involves surgery and chemotherapy rather than radiation therapy. Radiation is not a primary treatment for this cancer type, and this statement does not accurately reflect why the death rates are high.

A. 1 unit per 1mL B. 10 units per 1 mL C. 100 units per 1 mL D. 1000 units per 1 mL

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. If the concentration were 1 unit/mL, then in 250 mL there would only be 250 units total, which is much lower than the provided 25,000 units.
B. If the concentration were 10 units/mL, then in 250 mL there would be 2,500 units total, which is also much lower than the provided 25,000 units.
C. If the concentration were 100 units/mL, then in 250 mL there would be 25,000 units total, which matches the provided information. However, while this seems plausible, it is not the answer we calculated.
D. If the concentration were 1,000 units/mL, then in 250 mL there would be 250,000 units total, which is significantly higher than the 25,000 units provided.

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Blood Cell	Normal Ranges
Red blood cells (mature, circulating)	Male 4.51-6.01 million/mm3 Female: 4.01-5.51 million/mm3
Hemoglobin	Adult (15-64 yr) Male 14-17.3 g/dL Female 11.7-15.5 g/dL
Hematocrit	42% -52% in males 36% -48% in females
Reticulocytes	0.5% -2.5% of total RBC count
White blood cells (total)	4.5-11.1 103/mm3
Neutrophils	59% Bands 3% Segs-56%
Eosinophils	2.7%
Basophils	0.5%
Lymphocytes	34%
Monocytes	4%
Platelets	150,000-450,000/mm3

A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with renal cancer. The client is complaining of flank pain. Which additional assessment finding should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

In educating clients about ovarian cancer, the nurse emphasizes death rates for ovarian cancer are high because:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Heparin is supplied in bags that have 25,000 units / 250 mL. What is the concentration of Heparin?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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