A nurse is assessing a client following hemodialysis. Which of the following findings indicates dialysis disequilibrium?
Elevated temperature
Malaise
Headache
Nosebleed
The Correct Answer is C
A. Elevated temperature is not a typical sign of dialysis disequilibrium. Fever suggests infection (e.g., access-site infection or bacteremia), not fluid shifts.
B. Malaise is nonspecific and not a classic symptom of dialysis disequilibrium. It is common after dialysis due to fatigue, fluid shifts, and electrolyte changes.
C. Headache is a common symptom of dialysis disequilibrium syndrome, caused by rapid changes in fluid and solute balance during dialysis. Indicates increased intracranial pressure from cerebral edema. Requires immediate assessment and provider notification.
D. Nosebleed is not associated with dialysis disequilibrium. It suggests platelet dysfunction, anticoagulation effects, or hypertension.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Ibuprofen, like naproxen, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Taking two NSAIDs together increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
B. Captopril is an ACE inhibitor and does not directly increase the risk for bleeding when combined with naproxen.
C. Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant and does not interact with naproxen to increase bleeding risk.
D. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside and also does not increase bleeding risk with naproxen.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A blood glucose level of 230 mg/dL is elevated but not high enough to indicate diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which typically involves glucose levels >300 mg/dL.
B. A pH of 7.5 indicates alkalosis, whereas DKA causes metabolic acidosis, leading to a low pH (<7.35).
C. A serum bicarbonate level of 9 mEq/L is significantly decreased and is a hallmark of metabolic acidosis, which is a defining characteristic of DKA.
D. A partial pressure of CO₂ (PaCO₂) of 50 mm Hg is elevated and indicates respiratory acidosis. In DKA, PaCO₂ is typically low due to Kussmaul respirations, which are deep and rapid to compensate for metabolic acidosis.
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