A nurse is assessing a client suspected of having leukemia. Which laboratory test is a definitive diagnostic tool to confirm leukemia?

Complete blood count (CBC)

Urinalysis

Chest X-ray

Bone marrow biopsy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) This choice is incorrect because while a complete blood count (CBC) is an important initial screening test for leukemia, it alone is not definitive for diagnosis. A CBC may show abnormal levels of blood cells, prompting further investigation, including a bone marrow biopsy.

B) This choice is incorrect because a urinalysis is not used to diagnose leukemia. It is a test used to evaluate kidney function and detect urinary abnormalities.

C) This choice is incorrect because a chest X-ray is not a definitive diagnostic tool for leukemia. It is primarily used to assess the lungs and chest organs for conditions such as pneumonia or tumors.

D) This choice is correct. A bone marrow biopsy is a definitive diagnostic tool to confirm leukemia. In this procedure, a small sample of bone marrow is taken from the hipbone or breastbone and examined under a microscope to determine if leukemia cells are present. It allows for the identification of abnormal cells in the bone marrow, helping to establish the diagnosis and type of leukemia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because leukemia does not result from an overproduction of platelets. Leukemia involves an overproduction of abnormal white blood cells.

B) This choice is incorrect because leukemia is not caused by the body's immune system attacking healthy white blood cells. Instead, it involves the uncontrolled growth of abnormal white blood cells.

C) This choice is correct. Leukemia is characterized by genetic mutations in the bone marrow cells, particularly in the stem cells that produce white blood cells. These mutations lead to uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal white blood cells, interfering with the normal production of other blood cells.

D) This choice is incorrect because an imbalance of red blood cells would not trigger the overproduction of white blood cells. Leukemia is specifically a disorder of white blood cell proliferation.

A. "The primary treatment for CML is stem cell transplantation." B. "Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are the main treatments for CML." C. "Targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is the standard treatment for CML." D. "CML is typically managed with watchful waiting and supportive care."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because stem cell transplantation is not the primary treatment for all cases of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). It may be considered in certain cases, but targeted therapy is the standard first-line treatment for most patients with CML.

B) This choice is incorrect because while chemotherapy and radiation therapy are used in some leukemia treatments, they are not the main treatments for CML. Targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is the standard approach for CML management.

C) This choice is correct. The mainstay of treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). TKIs are oral medications that specifically target the abnormal protein produced by the BCR-ABL gene, which drives the overproduction of white blood cells in CML. These medications are highly effective and have revolutionized the treatment of CML, leading to improved outcomes for many patients.

D) This choice is incorrect because watchful waiting and supportive care may be considered for certain low-risk or asymptomatic cases of CML, but it is not the primary treatment approach. Targeted therapy with TKIs is the standard treatment for most patients with CML.

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A nurse is assessing a client suspected of having leukemia. Which laboratory test is a definitive diagnostic tool to confirm leukemia?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client diagnosed with leukemia asks the nurse, "What causes the overproduction of abnormal white blood cells?" How should the nurse respond?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The client asks about the main treatment approach for CML. How should the nurse respond?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with leukemia about common signs and symptoms. The nurse should include which symptoms as potential manifestations of leukemia? Select all that apply.

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A nurse is providing a community education session about leukemia risk factors. Which statement by a participant indicates a need for further clarification?

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