A client newly diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) asks the nurse, "What happens to the normal bone marrow cells in ALL?" How should the nurse respond?
"In ALL, the bone marrow produces an excess of abnormal red blood cells, leading to anemia."
"ALL results in the overproduction of normal white blood cells, leading to an increased immune response."
"The abnormal lymphocytes in ALL crowd out the normal bone marrow cells, leading to decreased production of other blood cells."
"In ALL, the bone marrow becomes fibrous and unable to produce any blood cells."
The Correct Answer is C
A) This choice is incorrect because ALL does not result in the overproduction of red blood cells. It primarily affects lymphocytes, not red blood cells.
B) This choice is incorrect because ALL involves the overproduction of abnormal lymphocytes, not normal white blood cells. These abnormal lymphocytes crowd out normal cells.
C) This choice is correct. In ALL, the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal lymphocytes leads to the overcrowding of the bone marrow. As a result, normal bone marrow cells, including red blood cells, platelets, and other white blood cells, are suppressed, leading to various cytopenias.
D) This choice is incorrect because ALL does not cause the bone marrow to become fibrous and unable to produce any blood cells. That description is more characteristic of myelofibrosis, a different bone marrow disorder.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) This choice is incorrect because leukemia is not always caused by inherited genetic mutations. While genetic factors can contribute to the development of some types of leukemia, it is not the only cause.
B) This choice is incorrect because there are known genetic links to certain types of leukemia. For example, some forms of leukemia, such as chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), are associated with specific genetic mutations.
C) This choice is incorrect because genetic factors and environmental factors can both play a role in the development of leukemia. Some cases may be influenced more by genetic factors, while others may be influenced more by environmental factors.
D) This choice is correct. Leukemia can have various causes, including genetic mutations, exposure to certain environmental factors (e.g., radiation, certain chemicals), and viral infections. While some cases may have a genetic basis, others may be triggered by environmental factors or have an unknown cause.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) This statement is correct. Having a family history of leukemia is considered a risk factor for developing the disease, particularly in cases of familial or hereditary leukemia.
B) This statement is correct. Exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation, such as during radiation therapy or nuclear accidents, is a well-known risk factor for leukemia.
C) This statement is correct. Individuals with Down syndrome have an increased risk of developing leukemia, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
D) This statement is incorrect. While physical activity is beneficial for overall health and may reduce the risk of various cancers, there is no evidence to suggest that being physically active specifically reduces the risk of developing leukemia.
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