A nurse is assessing a client who has a fluid volume deficit. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

Choice A reason:
While examining the client for areas of skin breakdown is an important part of ongoing care, especially for clients with spinal cord injuries who are at increased risk for pressure ulcers, it is not the first action to take when autonomic dysreflexia is suspected. Skin breakdown is not an immediate life-threatening issue compared to the potential complications of autonomic dysreflexia.

Choice B reason:
Checking the client's bladder for distention is a critical step in the management of autonomic dysreflexia, as an overfull bladder is a common trigger for this condition. However, the very first action should be to place the client in a sitting position to lower blood pressure, which can be dangerously high during an episode of autonomic dysreflexia.

Choice C reason:
Checking for fecal impaction is another important intervention for managing autonomic dysreflexia, as an impacted bowel can also trigger an episode. However, similar to checking for bladder distention, this is not the first action to take. Immediate measures to lower blood pressure are prioritized for the safety of the client.

Choice D reason:
Placing the client in a sitting position, or elevating the head of the bed to at least 45 degrees, is the first and most critical action when autonomic dysreflexia is suspected. This position helps to lower blood pressure by promoting venous return to the heart and can prevent complications such as stroke from the sudden hypertension associated with autonomic dysreflexia.

Choice A reason:

The statement about using a natural membrane condom rather than a polyurethane condom is incorrect. Natural membrane condoms, such as those made from lambskin, have small pores that can allow viruses to pass through. Therefore, they are not recommended for the prevention of STIs. Polyurethane condoms, on the other hand, do not have these pores and are considered effective in preventing STIs, including HIV.

Choice B reason:

Female condoms, also known as internal condoms, are effective in preventing the transmission of sexually transmitted viruses, including HIV. They act as a barrier to prevent the exchange of bodily fluids during sexual activity, thereby reducing the risk of STI transmission. It's important to include this information in the teaching as it empowers individuals with an additional option for protection.

Choice C reason:

Condoms are designed for single use only. Using a condom more than once greatly increases the risk of condom failure, which can lead to the transmission of STIs or unintended pregnancy. It is crucial to emphasize the importance of using a new condom for each act of sexual intercourse.

Choice D reason:

Oil-based lubricants should not be used with latex condoms as they can weaken the material, leading to condom breakage. Instead, water-based or silicone-based lubricants are recommended as they do not damage the condom and can help prevent breakage.