A nurse is assessing a client who has obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Hypotension.
Pneumonia.
Decreased energy.
Thyroid disease.
The Correct Answer is C
The correct answer is: C. Decreased energy.
Choice A reason: Hypotension is not typically associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA is more commonly linked with hypertension due to the frequent arousals during sleep that activate the sympathetic nervous system, leading to increased blood pressure.
Choice B reason: Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs and is not a direct consequence of OSA. While OSA can affect the respiratory system, it does not cause pneumonia. However, individuals with OSA may have a higher risk of respiratory infections due to compromised breathing during sleep.
Choice C reason: Decreased energy is a common symptom of OSA. People with OSA experience repeated episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to disrupted sleep patterns and insufficient rest. This results in daytime sleepiness and fatigue, which are hallmark signs of the condition.
Choice D reason: Thyroid disease, specifically hypothyroidism, can be associated with OSA, but it is not a direct finding of the condition. Hypothyroidism can lead to changes in the soft tissues of the upper airway and contribute to the development of OSA, but it is not a symptom used to diagnose OSA.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) is commonly used to assess pain in newborns and infants. It evaluates multiple indicators of pain, including facial expression, crying, breathing patterns, and arms and legs' movements, to determine if a baby is in pain.
Choice B rationale:
The FACES pain rating scale for children is not typically used for infants, as it relies on a child's ability to point to or describe their pain using facial expressions.
Choice C rationale:
The Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) Scale is used primarily for preterm infants and not typically for all newborns. It is more specific to certain populations.
Choice D rationale:
The FLACC Scale (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) is used for assessing pain in young children who may not be able to self-report. It's not specific to infants, and the NIPS is more appropriate for this population.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Using heavy pressure on the cold pack for greater effectiveness is not the correct approach when applying a cold pack to an injured area. Applying excessive pressure can lead to tissue damage, frostbite, and can be uncomfortable for the patient. Cold packs should be applied with gentle, even pressure to avoid complications.
Choice B rationale:
Leaving the cold pack in place for over 30 minutes at a time is not recommended. Prolonged exposure to cold can also cause tissue damage, including frostbite. It is generally advised to limit cold pack applications to 20-30 minutes at a time to prevent complications.
Choice C rationale:
Preparing to apply heat instead if cold is not effective is not the appropriate action in this scenario. When a healthcare provider orders a cold pack application, it is essential to follow the prescribed treatment plan. Heat should only be considered if it is specifically ordered as an alternative treatment.
Choice D rationale:
Placing a towel between the pack and the skin is the correct approach to prevent patient injury when applying a cold pack. This helps to protect the skin from direct contact with the cold pack, reducing the risk of frostbite or cold-related injuries. It ensures a barrier between the cold pack and the patient's skin, providing a safe and comfortable application.
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