A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory failure. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as indicative of severe hypercapnia?

A. A client who has coronary artery disease (CAD) and chronic allergies: While chronic allergies can affect respiratory health, they are not as significant a risk factor for complications following CABG surgery as pulmonary diseases like COPD, which directly impact lung function and oxygenation during recovery.
B. A client who has coronary artery disease (CAD) and Bell's palsy: Bell's palsy, a condition that causes temporary facial paralysis, is not directly related to increased risk for complications following CABG surgery. The primary concern following surgery would be more related to cardiovascular and respiratory health rather than neurological conditions like Bell's palsy.
C. A client who has coronary artery disease (CAD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): COPD significantly increases the risk of complications after CABG surgery due to the impact on lung function. Patients with COPD have reduced oxygenation capacity, making them more vulnerable to respiratory complications such as pneumonia, atelectasis, or prolonged mechanical ventilation.
D. A client who has coronary artery disease (CAD) and chronic diverticulitis: Chronic diverticulitis affects the gastrointestinal system and is generally not a major risk factor for complications following CABG surgery. The client may have a higher risk for GI issues, but respiratory and cardiovascular factors play a more significant role in CABG recovery.

A. "Yes, antiviral treatment will ensure that you are less contagious and do not spread influenza to others": While antiviral treatment can reduce the spread of influenza, it is not the primary reason for early initiation. The key reason for starting antiviral therapy early is to reduce the severity and duration of symptoms.
B. "No, you should wait for lab confirmation because taking antivirals for a nonviral infection can increase side effects": This is incorrect because antivirals for influenza are specific to the virus and are not used in non-viral infections. Delaying treatment could worsen symptoms.
C. "Yes, antiviral treatments are most effective when they are started within 48 hours of symptom onset": This is the most accurate statement. Antiviral drugs like oseltamivir (Tamiflu) are most effective when taken early, within the first 48 hours of symptom onset, to reduce symptom severity and duration.
D. "No, you should wait for lab confirmation before beginning antiviral treatment, to prevent resistant viruses": Early treatment is essential, and delaying therapy can lead to worsened symptoms or complications. Resistance is a concern, but it is not an immediate issue with influenza antivirals.