A nurse is assessing a client who is having fluid volume overload. Which finding should the nurse expect for this client?

Edema

Oliguria

Hypotension

Hyperthemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Edema: Fluid volume overload often leads to edema due to the excess fluid leaking out of the blood vessels into the interstitial spaces. This swelling is commonly observed in areas such as the ankles, legs, and hands.

B) Oliguria: Oliguria, or reduced urine output, is more indicative of fluid volume deficit or kidney dysfunction rather than overload. In fluid volume overload, the kidneys typically produce more urine to try to balance the excess fluid.

C) Hypotension: Fluid volume overload usually causes an increase in blood pressure rather than hypotension. Hypotension is more commonly associated with fluid volume deficit or severe fluid loss.

D) Hyperthermia: Hyperthermia is not a direct result of fluid volume overload. It is more related to conditions involving fever or infection. Fluid overload primarily affects fluid distribution and does not directly cause an increase in body temperature

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) "Your daily intake of fats should be limited to no more than 35% of your daily caloric intake":

Current dietary guidelines typically recommend limiting fat intake to less than 30% of total daily calories, not 35%, for optimal heart health. This recommendation is slightly higher than what is generally advised for managing high cholesterol.

B) "You should avoid trans-fat as much as possible":

Trans fats significantly increase LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol) levels and decrease HDL cholesterol (good cholesterol). Avoiding trans fats is crucial in managing high cholesterol and reducing cardiovascular risk, making this the most important recommendation.

C) "Your main sources of protein should be red meat":

Red meat, particularly processed red meat, is associated with higher cholesterol levels and cardiovascular risk. It is generally recommended to choose lean proteins, such as fish, poultry, and plant-based sources, over red meat.

D) "Fats provide the highest amount of energy per gram":

While fats do provide more energy per gram than carbohydrates or proteins, this statement does not directly address the management of cholesterol levels. The focus should be on the type of fats consumed rather than their energy content.

E) "Your intake of fats should be unsaturated fats":

While consuming unsaturated fats is beneficial, avoiding trans fats specifically addresses a more immediate concern for those with high cholesterol. Option B emphasizes the importance of eliminating harmful fats.

A. 8 hr B. 4 hr C. 6 hr D. 2 hr

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. 8 hr - Infusing one unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) over 8 hours is too long. Typically, PRBCs are infused over a shorter period to avoid complications.

B. 4 hr - Infusing PRBCs over 4 hours is still within acceptable limits, but the standard time for PRBC transfusion is usually shorter.

C. 6 hr - Infusing PRBCs over 6 hours is longer than usual. The recommended duration for infusing one unit of PRBCs is generally shorter.

D. 2 hr - The standard time to infuse one unit of PRBCs is typically between 1.5 to 2 hours. This duration helps ensure the effective delivery of red blood cells while minimizing the risk of transfusion reactions.

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A nurse is assessing a client who is having fluid volume overload. Which finding should the nurse expect for this client?

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