A nurse is assessing a client with suspected kidney stones. The client reports experiencing severe pain in the back and lower abdomen, along with nausea and vomiting. On physical examination, the nurse notes costovertebral angle tenderness. Which type of kidney stones is most likely causing the client's symptoms?
Calcium oxalate stones
Struvite stones
Cystine stones
The Correct Answer is C
A. Uric acid stones may cause pain, but they do not typically present with costovertebral angle tenderness. Uric acid stones are more likely to be associated with gout and hyperuricemia.
B. Calcium oxalate stones are common and can cause pain, but they do not typically cause costovertebral angle tenderness. They are more likely to cause localized pain in the back or side.
C. This is the correct answer. Struvite stones, also known as infection stones, can cause severe pain that radiates to the back and lower abdomen. They are often associated with urinary tract infections, and the presence of an infection can lead to costovertebral angle tenderness.
D. Cystine stones are rare and are more likely to cause chronic, dull pain rather than sudden and severe pain with tenderness.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Sharp, stabbing pain in the lower abdomen is not typically associated with kidney stones. Kidney stone pain is usually felt in the back and flank regions of the body.
B. This is the correct answer. The pain caused by kidney stones is often described as a dull ache in the upper back and flank region, usually on the affected side where the kidney is located.
C. Burning sensation during urination is more commonly associated with urinary tract infections or inflammation of the urethra, not kidney stones.
D. Constant, generalized abdominal discomfort is not a specific symptom of kidney stones. Kidney stone pain is usually more localized to the back and flank regions.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This statement is not correct. Vitamin C supplements may increase the risk of calcium oxalate stones in some individuals.
B. This is the correct answer. High doses of vitamin C can be metabolized into oxalate in the body
, which can contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate stones. For individuals with a history of calcium oxalate stones, it is best to limit vitamin C supplements.
C. Taking vitamin C supplements in large doses is not recommended, especially for individuals prone to kidney stones.
D. Vitamin C supplements do have an effect on kidney stone formation, particularly for those at risk of calcium oxalate stones.
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