A nurse is assessing a female child in an area struck by an earthquake. The child, who is crying, walks well, can state her first name, and repeatedly says "All done" and "Go bye-bye” now during the assessment. The child has 24 deciduous teeth and her anterior fontanel is closed. Based on these observations, the nurse should estimate that the child is how many months old?

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Walking Well: The ability to walk well typically develops around 12 to 15 months. Since the child walks well, we can consider her closer to this age range.

Stating first name: By 24-30 months, most children can identify themselves by name.

Repeating Phrases (“All done” and “Go bye-bye”): Repeating phrases is common around 15 to 18 months. The child’s language development aligns with this stage.

24 Deciduous Teeth: By the age of 2 to 3 years, children typically have all 20 deciduous (baby) teeth. Since this child has 24 deciduous teeth, she is likely closer to the 2-year-old mark.

Closed Anterior Fontanel: The anterior fontanel (soft spot on the baby’s head) usually closes by 18 months. The fact that it is closed indicates that the child is beyond this age.

Child is most likely 30 months old.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

DDH refers to an abnormal development or alignment of the hip joint, which can lead to instability or dislocation of the hip. An asymmetric thigh fold is a common physical finding in DDH, where there is a difference in the skin fold between the affected and unaffected sides of the thigh. This occurs due to the malposition or displacement of the femoral head within the acetabulum.

While other findings may also be present in DDH, such as an inwardly turned foot on the affected side (also known as a positive Ortolani or Barlow test), absent plantar reflexes, or a lengthened thigh on the affected side, the asymmetric thigh fold is a key indicator of hip dysplasia in a newborn.

A. "Placing your child on her back when sleeping will decrease the risk of SIDS.” B. "SIDS is directly correlated with the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines." C. "SIDS rates have been rising over the last 10 years." D. "Sleep apnea is the main cause of SIDS."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This is an evidence-based recommendation to reduce the risk of SIDS. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends placing infants on their back for sleep as the safest sleep position. This position has been shown to significantly reduce the incidence of SIDS. The nurse should emphasize the importance of following safe sleep practices, including placing the baby on their back, providing a firm and safe sleep surface, keeping the sleep area free of soft bedding or objects, and avoiding overheating.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a newborn who has developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother voices concerns about sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The nurse should include which of the following statements in a discussion with the mother?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data from a child who is descending stairs by placing both feet on each step and holding on to the railing. The nurse should understand that these actions are developmentally appropriate at which of the following ages?

A nurse is planning care for a 2-month-old infant following a surgical procedure. Which of the following pain rating scales should the nurse plan to use to determine the infant's level of pain?

A nurse is assessing a 3 year-old-child at a routine wellness checkup. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is collecting data from a child who is descending stairs by placing both feet on each step and holding on to the railing. The nurse should understand that these actions are developmentally appropriate at which of the following ages?

A nurse is providing care to a child who has an allergy to eggs. The nurse should question the prescription for which of the following immunizations?

The mother of a child who is 2 year 6 months in age has arranged a play date with the neighbor and her child who is 2 year 9 months old. During the play date the two mothers should expect that the children will do which of the following?

A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?