A nurse is assessing an adolescent client who has anorexia nervosa. Which of the following client statements is a sign of cognitive distortion?
"I really need to get into shape."
"If I eat one piece of candy, I may as well eat ten."
"I can't afford to gain weight."
"I like to cut my food into small pieces."
The Correct Answer is B
A. It reflects a desire to improve physical fitness, which is a common and generally positive goal. However, if this statement were accompanied by an excessive focus on weight loss or extreme measures to achieve fitness, it could indicate a problem, but on its own, this statement is not clearly indicative of cognitive distortion.
B. It reflects "all-or-nothing thinking," a common cognitive distortion in eating disorders. This pattern of thinking involves seeing things in black and white, where a small lapse in diet is perceived as a complete failure, leading to excessive and irrational behavior, such as consuming more than intended.
C. It shows a strong fear of gaining weight, which is typical in anorexia nervosa. However, it is more a sign of extreme concern about body image rather than a specific cognitive distortion pattern. Cognitive distortions often involve faulty logic or irrational beliefs, and this statement is more about an emotional response to weight gain.
D. Cutting food into small pieces can be a behavioral characteristic or ritual for someone with anorexia nervosa, but it does not necessarily reflect a cognitive distortion on its own. It might be a way to control portions or prolong the eating process, but it is not a direct example of distorted thinking.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Lubricating the catheter helps reduce friction and discomfort during insertion.
B. Sterile gloves help prevent the introduction of microorganisms into the urinary tract.
C. Securing the tubing to the client's upper thigh can lead to discomfort and increased risk of skin irritation. The tubing should be secured to the client's lower abdomen or inner thigh to prevent tension and potential complications.
D. Gently pulling on the catheter after inflating the balloon helps ensure that the balloon is fully inflated and properly positioned in the bladder.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. This term refers to the presence of excess fat in the stool, which makes it appear greasy or oily. Steatorrhea is usually associated with malabsorption issues such as celiac disease or chronic pancreatitis. The guaiac test does not detect steatorrhea; it specifically tests for blood in the stool.
B. These are organisms that live in or on another organism (host) and can be detected in stool samples through different tests, such as stool ova and parasite exams. The guaiac test does not detect parasites; it is designed to identify hidden blood in the stool.
C. Various bacterial infections can be identified through stool cultures or other specific tests. The guaiac test is not used to detect bacteria; it is focused on identifying the presence of blood in the stool.
D. The guaiac test is used to detect occult (hidden) blood in the stool. The presence of blood can be an indication of gastrointestinal issues, such as bleeding from ulcers, polyps, or tumors. The test works by using a chemical reaction (with guaiac) that turns blue in the presence of hemoglobin (a component of blood).
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