A nurse is assessing an adolescent client who has anorexia nervosa. Which of the following client statements is a sign of cognitive distortion?

"I really need to get into shape."

"If I eat one piece of candy, I may as well eat ten."

"I can't afford to gain weight."

"I like to cut my food into small pieces."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   It reflects a desire to improve physical fitness, which is a common and generally positive goal. However, if this statement were accompanied by an excessive focus on weight loss or extreme measures to achieve fitness, it could indicate a problem, but on its own, this statement is not clearly indicative of cognitive distortion.
B.   It reflects "all-or-nothing thinking," a common cognitive distortion in eating disorders. This pattern of thinking involves seeing things in black and white, where a small lapse in diet is perceived as a complete failure, leading to excessive and irrational behavior, such as consuming more than intended.
C.   It shows a strong fear of gaining weight, which is typical in anorexia nervosa. However, it is more a sign of extreme concern about body image rather than a specific cognitive distortion pattern. Cognitive distortions often involve faulty logic or irrational beliefs, and this statement is more about an emotional response to weight gain.
D.   Cutting food into small pieces can be a behavioral characteristic or ritual for someone with anorexia nervosa, but it does not necessarily reflect a cognitive distortion on its own. It might be a way to control portions or prolong the eating process, but it is not a direct example of distorted thinking.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While iron is crucial for overall health, its primary role in infants is not specifically related to vision development. Iron is essential for many bodily functions, including oxygen transport and brain development, but the statement about vision development is not directly relevant to the primary reasons for iron supplementation in infants.
B. This is a key point to include in the teaching. Iron stores that infants are born with start to deplete around 4-6 months of age. This is why iron-fortified formula or iron-rich complementary foods are recommended to prevent iron deficiency anemia, as breast milk alone may not provide sufficient iron after this period.
C. Iron is important for overall growth and development, including the development of red blood cells and cognitive functions. However, the specific facilitation of bone growth is more directly related to other nutrients like calcium and vitamin D.
D. Iron absorption can be a concern, but this statement is not entirely accurate. Iron in formula is typically well-absorbed, especially in iron-fortified formulas designed for infants. The goal of providing iron-fortified formula is to ensure that the infant receives an adequate amount of iron, which is absorbed effectively to support their growing needs.

A. Trochanter roll B. Sheepskin heel pad C. Footboard D. Abduction pillow

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. This device is used to prevent hip rotation and adduction. It is placed along the lateral side of the client's hips to keep the hips in a neutral position, preventing external rotation and adduction. It does not specifically address plantar flexion contractures of the feet.
B. This device is used primarily to reduce pressure and prevent heel ulcers, not to prevent plantar flexion contractures. Sheepskin pads provide cushioning to prevent pressure sores, but they do not help in maintaining the proper position of the feet to prevent contractures.
C. This is the appropriate device for preventing plantar flexion contractures. A footboard is placed at the end of the bed to keep the feet in a dorsiflexed position, preventing them from curling downward. It helps maintain the feet in a neutral or slightly dorsiflexed position, thus preventing plantar flexion contractures.
D. This device is used to maintain the hips in an abducted position, typically following hip surgery. It prevents the legs from coming together and helps with hip alignment but does not address the issue of plantar flexion contractures.

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A nurse is assessing an adolescent client who has anorexia nervosa. Which of the following client statements is a sign of cognitive distortion?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in a clinic is teaching the mother of a 4-month-old infant who has been breastfed. The mother plans to switch her infant to an iron- fortified formula. Which of the following should be included in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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