A nurse is assessing the status of a patient who is sleeping.
Which assessment data indicate that the patient is most likely in stage 3 of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep?
Decreased respirations, rapid heart rate.
Rapid respirations, rapid heart rate.
Rapid respirations, slow heart rate.
Decreased respirations, slow heart rate.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Decreased respirations and a rapid heart rate are not indicative of stage 3 of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. In stage 3, respirations are typically slow and regular, and the heart rate is slower than during wakefulness.
Choice B rationale:
Rapid respirations and a rapid heart rate are indicative of stage 3 of NREM sleep. During this stage, respiration and heart rate are more irregular compared to the earlier stages of sleep. This stage is characterized by increased physiological arousal compared to stages 1 and 2.
Choice C rationale:
Rapid respirations and a slow heart rate do not represent stage 3 of NREM sleep. In this stage, respiration tends to be rapid, and the heart rate, while slower than during wakefulness, is not slow.
Choice D rationale:
Decreased respirations and a slow heart rate are not consistent with stage 3 of NREM sleep. This stage is associated with more active and variable physiological processes, including rapid respirations and a relatively higher heart rate compared to later sleep stages.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Magnesium is not typically considered a natural supplement that enhances sleep. While magnesium is an essential mineral for overall health, it is not commonly used as a sleep aid.
Choice B rationale:
Calcium is also not commonly used as a natural supplement to enhance sleep. While calcium is important for bone health and various physiological processes, it is not primarily associated with improving sleep.
Choice C rationale:
Oil of lavender is known for its calming and soothing properties, and it can have a relaxing effect. However, it is not as commonly used or as effective as melatonin for improving sleep. Lavender oil is more often used for its aromatherapy benefits.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Some older adults may indeed have concerns about taking pain medication, but this is not a primary reason for their hesitance to express pain. The fear of taking medication is not a universal characteristic of older adults.
Choice B rationale:
While older adults may be reluctant to bother nursing staff, this is not the primary reason for their reluctance to express pain. It is a consideration but not the main factor.
Choice C rationale:
The unawareness of discomfort is not a common reason for older adults to avoid expressing pain. Most older adults are aware of their discomfort but may not express it for other reasons.
Choice D rationale:
Older adults may have been culturally trained not to complain about pain or discomfort. In some cultures, stoicism and not burdening others with one's pain are highly valued. This cultural training can lead older adults to underreport their pain.
Choice E rationale:
Believing pain is a natural consequence of aging is a misconception, but it is not the primary reason why older adults may not express their pain. They may believe this, but cultural and societal factors have a more significant impact.
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