A nurse is assigned care of a patient who has HIV.
Which of the following infection control precautions should the nurse plan to use while caring for this patient?
Airborne precautions
Standard precautions
Droplet precautions
Contact precautions
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Airborne precautions are used for diseases that are spread by tiny droplets caused by coughing and sneezing. HIV is not spread through the air, so airborne precautions are not necessary.
Choice B rationale
Standard precautions are used for all patient care. They’re based on the principle that all blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions except sweat, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes may contain transmissible infectious agents. HIV is transmitted by direct or indirect contact with infected blood or body fluids. Therefore, the nurse should plan to implement standard precautions when caring for this patient.
Choice C rationale
Droplet precautions are used for diseases that are spread by large droplets caused by coughing, sneezing, talking, or procedures such as suctioning and bronchoscopy. HIV is not spread through these methods, so droplet precautions are not necessary.
Choice D rationale
Contact precautions are used for diseases that are spread by direct contact with the patient or indirect contact with environmental surfaces or patient care items. HIV is not spread through casual contact, so contact precautions are not necessary.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Memory loss is not typically associated with inadequate dietary intake of fiber. Memory loss can be a symptom of various conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, or certain vitamin deficiencies, but it is not directly linked to fiber intake.
Choice B rationale
Bleeding gums are not typically a symptom of inadequate dietary intake of fiber. Bleeding gums are more commonly associated with conditions such as gingivitis or vitamin C deficiency, not a lack of dietary fiber.
Choice C rationale
Constipation is the correct answer. Inadequate intake of dietary fiber can lead to constipation. Dietary fiber adds bulk to the diet and helps prevent constipation by promoting regular bowel movements.
Choice D rationale
Brittle hair is not typically a symptom of inadequate dietary intake of fiber. Brittle hair can be a sign of malnutrition or lack of certain nutrients like protein, but it is not directly linked to fiber intake.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Increased glucose levels can be a sign of dehydration. When the body is dehydrated, it can cause blood sugar levels to rise.
Choice B rationale
A blood creatinine level of 0.6 mg/dL is within the normal range and does not typically indicate dehydration.
Choice C rationale
An increased blood osmolarity, such as 260 mOsm/kg, can be a sign of dehydration. When the body is dehydrated, the concentration of solutes in the blood can increase, leading to higher osmolarity.
Choice D rationale
A high urine specific gravity, such as 1.035, can indicate dehydration. This measurement reflects the concentration of solutes in the urine, and a high value can mean that the body is conserving water due to dehydration.
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