A nurse is assisting in preparing a presentation at a senior center about age-related musculoskeletal changes. Which of the following alterations is appropriate for the nurse to include?

Thickened vertebral disks

Increased force of isometric contractions

Decreased chest width

Decreased muscle mass

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Thickened vertebral disks: Aging leads to thinning of intervertebral disks, which contributes to a decrease in height and spinal flexibility.

B. Increased force of isometric contractions: Aging results in decreased muscle strength, not increased force of contractions.

C. Decreased chest width: Aging can lead to a barrel chest appearance due to changes in the thoracic cage, rather than a decrease in width.

D. Decreased muscle mass: Sarcopenia, or the loss of muscle mass with aging, is a common musculoskeletal change that contributes to reduced strength and function.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Allow the perineal area to air dry after each stool. While drying is important, leaving the skin unprotected can lead to skin breakdown and irritation from continued exposure to stool.

B. Administer a soap-suds enema to cleanse the colon. Soap-suds enemas are contraindicated in diarrhea because they can cause further irritation and electrolyte imbalances.

C. Provide the client with a high-fiber diet. A high-fiber diet is recommended for constipation, not diarrhea, as fiber can increase stool frequency.

D. Apply a zinc-oxide barrier to the perineal area after each stool. Zinc-oxide protects the skin from moisture and irritation, helping prevent dermatitis and skin breakdown.

A. Relief of urinary retention B. Convenience for the nursing staff or the client's family C. Routine acquisition of a urine specimen D. Measurement of residual urine after urination E. Presence of an open perineal wound

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Relief of urinary retention. Urinary catheterization is indicated for clients who cannot void effectively, which can lead to bladder distension and complications.

B. Convenience for the nursing staff or the client's family. Catheterization should never be done for staff convenience due to the high risk of infection (CAUTI - catheter-associated urinary tract infection).

C. Routine acquisition of a urine specimen. Routine urine specimens should be obtained through clean-catch or midstream methods, unless a sterile sample is required for culture and sensitivity testing.

D. Measurement of residual urine after urination. Catheterization may be needed to measure post-void residual volume in cases of urinary retention.

E. Presence of an open perineal wound. A catheter can help prevent urine contamination of an open wound in the perineal area, reducing the risk of infection.

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A nurse is assisting in preparing a presentation at a senior center about age-related musculoskeletal changes. Which of the following alterations is appropriate for the nurse to include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has frequent diarrheal stools. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is discussing indications for urinary catheterization with a newly licensed nurse. Which of following indications should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

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