A nurse is assisting in preparing a presentation at a senior center about age-related musculoskeletal changes. Which of the following alterations is appropriate for the nurse to include?

Thickened vertebral disks

Increased force of isometric contractions

Decreased chest width

Decreased muscle mass

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Thickened vertebral disks: Aging leads to thinning of intervertebral disks, which contributes to a decrease in height and spinal flexibility.

B. Increased force of isometric contractions: Aging results in decreased muscle strength, not increased force of contractions.

C. Decreased chest width: Aging can lead to a barrel chest appearance due to changes in the thoracic cage, rather than a decrease in width.

D. Decreased muscle mass: Sarcopenia, or the loss of muscle mass with aging, is a common musculoskeletal change that contributes to reduced strength and function.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Move body parts rapidly through the movements. Passive range of motion (ROM) should be performed slowly and gently to prevent injury or pain.

B. Support extremities above and below joints. Supporting both above and below the joint helps prevent excessive strain and allows for controlled movement.

C. Continue moving body parts if muscle spasticity occurs. If muscle spasticity occurs, the nurse should stop and reassess before continuing, to avoid injuring the client.

D. Stretch the body part just beyond the existing range of motion. The nurse should never push beyond the client’s normal range, as this can cause pain or injury.

A. "How do you handle stress?" B. "Does your skin condition keep you awake at night?" C. "How does your skin condition make you feel about yourself?" D. "Have you had any changes in your diet?"

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "How do you handle stress?" While stress may influence some skin conditions (e.g., psoriasis, eczema), this question is not directly related to a focused skin assessment and may be too vague or irrelevant.

B. "Does your skin condition keep you awake at night?" Skin conditions such as eczema or urticaria can cause pruritus, leading to sleep disturbances. This is a relevant question.

C. "How does your skin condition make you feel about yourself?" Skin conditions can affect body image and self-esteem, making this an important question for psychosocial assessment.

D. "Have you had any changes in your diet?" Certain food allergies or deficiencies can trigger dermatologic conditions (e.g., celiac disease, atopic dermatitis), making this question appropriate.

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A nurse is assisting in preparing a presentation at a senior center about age-related musculoskeletal changes. Which of the following alterations is appropriate for the nurse to include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

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