A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about vulnerable populations that are at risk for health disparities. The nurse should include that a client who lives in a crowded apartment building is at risk for which of the following conditions?

Deep vein thrombosis

Infectious diseases

Rheumatoid arthritis

Weight gain

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason : Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition where a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs. While certain factors like immobility, surgery, and certain medications can increase the risk of DVT, living in a crowded apartment building is not typically associated with an increased risk of developing this condition.

Choice B reason : Crowded living conditions can increase the risk of the spread of infectious diseases. This is due to the close proximity of individuals, which facilitates the transmission of pathogens through respiratory droplets, shared surfaces, and common areas. Diseases such as respiratory infections, meningococcal disease, rheumatic fever, and tuberculosis are particularly associated with crowded living conditions.

Choice C reason : Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints. It is not directly linked to living conditions but can be influenced by genetic factors and possibly environmental triggers. However, there is no established connection between crowded living conditions and the development of rheumatoid arthritis.

Choice D reason : While weight gain can be influenced by a variety of factors including diet, exercise, and genetics, there is no direct correlation between living in a crowded apartment and weight gain. However, it's worth noting that socioeconomic factors and limited access to healthy food options or safe areas for physical activity, which can be associated with crowded living conditions, may indirectly contribute to weight gain.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is: a. Decrease in body fat

Choice A: Decrease in body fat

Older adults typically experience a decrease in lean body mass and an increase in body fat percentage. However, the absolute amount of body fat may decrease due to overall weight loss and muscle mass reduction.

Choice B: Increase in muscle mass

This statement is incorrect because muscle mass generally decreases with age due to sarcopenia, a condition characterized by the loss of muscle mass and strength.

Choice C: Increase in gag reflex

This statement is incorrect because the gag reflex often diminishes with age. Older adults may experience a reduced gag reflex due to decreased sensitivity and muscle tone.

Choice D: Decrease in systolic blood pressure

This statement is incorrect because systolic blood pressure usually increases with age due to arterial stiffness and other cardiovascular changes.

A. Increase intake of saturated fats. B. Limit alcohol intake to 3 drinks per day. C. Choose complex carbohydrates each day. D. Consume less than 2000 mg of sodium per day.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason : Increasing intake of saturated fats is not recommended for reducing stress. Saturated fats can contribute to the development of heart disease by raising cholesterol levels and should be limited in a healthy diet.

Choice B reason : Limiting alcohol intake is generally a good practice, but specifying "3 drinks per day" is not accurate. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend up to one drink per day for women and up to two drinks per day for men.

Choice C reason : Choosing complex carbohydrates each day is beneficial for managing stress. Complex carbohydrates can increase the amount of serotonin in the brain, which has a calming effect. Foods rich in complex carbohydrates include whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes⁷.

Choice D reason : Consuming less than 2000 mg of sodium per day is part of a healthy diet, but it is not specifically related to stress reduction. The American Heart Association recommends no more than 2300 mg a day and moving toward an ideal limit of no more than 1500 mg per day for most adults.

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A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about vulnerable populations that are at risk for health disparities. The nurse should include that a client who lives in a crowded apartment building is at risk for which of the following conditions?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

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Correct Answer is C

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