A nurse is assisting with teaching a group of nursing students about the pathophysiology of the spinal cord. Which of the following statements by a nursing student indicates understanding?

"The ascending tract of the spinal cord processes information in the brain."

"The descending tracts of the spinal cord deliver the CNS motor information to neurons in the muscle."

"The sensory receptors are in the muscles."

"The motor neurons are in the dermal layer of skin."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The ascending tract of the spinal cord transmits sensory information to the brain, but it does not process it; processing occurs in the brain itself.
B. This statement accurately describes the function of the descending tracts, which carry motor commands from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles, facilitating movement.
C. Sensory receptors are located in various tissues throughout the body, including the skin, not just in the muscles.
D. Motor neurons are not found in the dermal layer; they are located in the spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system, where they innervate muscles.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Dysphagia increases the risk of aspiration, especially when swallowing difficulties are present, making it essential to monitor for signs of aspiration.
B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is not directly related to dysphagia from a stroke.
C. Dumping syndrome occurs after certain types of gastric surgery and is not associated with dysphagia post-stroke.
D. Peptic ulcer disease is not a typical complication of dysphagia following a stroke.

A. Plan to lower sodium intake to 3,000 mg each day. B. Limit alcohol consumption to 3 drinks a day when hypertensive. C. Plan to have potassium blood levels checked when taking thiazide diuretics. D. Set your goal body weight within 25% of ideal body weight.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The recommended sodium intake for individuals with hypertension is typically less than 2,300 mg per day, so a goal of 3,000 mg is too high.
B. For individuals with hypertension, it is recommended to limit alcohol consumption to 1 drink per day for women and 2 drinks per day for men, so 3 drinks is excessive.
C. Planning to have potassium blood levels checked when taking thiazide diuretics is important because these medications can lead to hypokalemia (low potassium levels), making this the correct response.
D. Setting a goal body weight within 25% of ideal body weight is not a standard recommendation; weight management should focus on achieving a healthy weight, rather than a specific percentage of ideal body weight.

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A nurse is assisting with teaching a group of nursing students about the pathophysiology of the spinal cord. Which of the following statements by a nursing student indicates understanding?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke and has dysphagia. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a middle-age client about hypertension. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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