A nurse is assisting with the admission of a child who has measles. Which of the following isolation precautions should the nurse initiate?

Contact

Airborne

Protective environment

Droplet

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A: Contact isolation is not appropriate for a child who has measles, which is a highly contagious viral infection that causes fever, rash, cough, runny nose, and red eyes. Contact isolation is used for patients who have infections that can be spread by direct or indirect contact with the patient or their environment, such as wound infections, scabies, or Clostridioides difficile. Contact isolation requires wearing gloves and gowns and using dedicated equipment.

Choice B: Airborne isolation is appropriate for a child who has measles, as it is used for patients who have infections that can be spread by small droplets that can remain suspended in the air and travel over long distances, such as tuberculosis, chickenpox, or measles. Airborne isolation requires wearing a respirator mask and placing the patient in a negative pressure room with the door closed.

Choice C: Protective environment isolation is not appropriate for a child who has measles, as it is used for patients who have compromised immune systems and are at high risk of acquiring infections from others, such as transplant recipients, cancer patients, or patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Protective environment isolation requires wearing gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection and placing the patient in a positive pressure room with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters.

Choice D: Droplet isolation is not appropriate for a child who has measles, as it is used for patients who have infections that can be spread by large droplets that can travel up to 6 feet from the source, such as inﬂuenza, pertussis, or meningitis. Droplet isolation requires wearing a surgical mask and eye protection and placing the patient in a private room or cohorting with other patients with the same infection.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A: A barking cough is not a finding that indicates that the treatment has been eﬀective, but rather a symptom of acute laryngotracheobronchitis, which is also known as croup. Croup is a condition that causes inﬂammation and narrowing of the upper airway and produces a characteristic barking or seal-like cough. A barking cough may persist for several days after the onset of croup and does not reﬂect the severity of the airway obstruction.

Choice B: Decreased stridor is a finding that indicates that the treatment has been eﬀective, as stridor is a sign of airway obstruction caused by acute laryngotracheobronchitis. Stridor is a high-pitched, noisy breathing sound that occurs when the air passes through the narrowed airway. Stridor may be inspiratory, expiratory, or biphasic,
depending on the level of obstruction. Decreased stridor means that the airway is less obstructed and the child can breathe more easily.

Choice C: Improved hydration is not a finding that indicates that the treatment has been eﬀective, but rather a goal of treatment for acute laryngotracheobronchitis. Dehydration can worsen the symptoms and complications of croup by thickening the mucus and increasing the risk of infection. Improved hydration can help thin out the mucus and prevent dehydration. Hydration can be improved by encouraging oral ﬂuids, administering intravenous ﬂuids, or providing humidified air.

Choice D: Decreased temperature is not a finding that indicates that the treatment has been eﬀective, but rather a possible outcome of treatment for acute laryngotracheobronchitis. Fever may or may not be present in croup, depending on the cause and severity of the condition. Fever can be caused by viral or bacterial infection, inﬂammation, or dehydration. Decreased temperature can indicate that the infection or inﬂammation is resolving or that the dehydration is corrected.

A. This is expected for children who are hospitalized to regress. The toileting skills will return when your child is feeling better. B. Why does it bother you that your child has wet the bed? C. Your child did not seem upset, so I wouldn't worry about it if I were you. D. I know this can really be embarrassing. I have kids myself, so I understand, and it doesn't bother me.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is a therapeutic response that acknowledges the parent's feelings and provides reassurance that the behavior is normal and temporary. The other responses are either dismissive, judgmental, or self-disclosing, which are not helpful for the parent.
Choice B reason: This is a judgmental response that implies that the parent is overreacting or has unrealistic expectations for their child.
Choice C reason: This is a dismissive response that minimizes the parent's concern and does not offer any support
or information.
Choice D reason: This is a self-disclosing response that shifts the focus from the parent to the nurse and does not
address the issue at hand.

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A nurse is assisting with the admission of a child who has measles. Which of the following isolation precautions should the nurse initiate?

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A nurse is caring for a toddler who has acute laryngotracheobronchitis and has been placed in a cool mist tent. Which of the following findings indicates that the treatment has been eﬀective?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has croup and wet the bed overnight. When the parents visit the next day, the nurse explains the situation and one of the parents says, "She never wets the bed at home. I am so embarrassed." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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