A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is receiving an IV infusion of dextrose 10% in water. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Hyperglycemia
Hypovolemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypokalemia
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: An IV infusion of dextrose 10% in water can cause hyperglycemia, which is an elevated blood sugar
level.
Choice B reason: Hypovolemia, or decreased blood volume, is not a typical adverse effect of dextrose infusion.
Choice C reason: Hypercalcemia, or high calcium levels in the blood, is not associated with dextrose infusion.
Choice D reason: While dextrose infusion can affect electrolyte balance, hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, is not
the primary concern with dextrose infusion.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: While bananas are well-known for their potassium content, with one medium banana containing about 451 mg of potassium, they are not the highest source among the options given.
Choice B reason: Spinach is also a good source of potassium, with 1 cup of cooked spinach offering about 830 mg. However, it still does not surpass the potassium content of a baked potato.
Choice C reason: Avocados contain potassium, with one-half cup providing 364 mg. Despite their health benefits,
they have less potassium compared to a baked potato.
Choice D reason: Baked potatoes contain the highest amount of potassium among the options listed. One medium baked potato has 929 mg of potassium, making it the best choice for someone at risk for hypokalemia.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Magnesium-containing antacids typically cause diarrhea rather than constipation due to magnesium's ability to draw water into the intestines.
Choice B reason: Antibiotics can affect gut flora and potentially cause diarrhea. While some antibiotics may lead to constipation, it is not as common as diarrhea.
Choice C reason: Anticholinergics/antispasmodics can cause constipation because they inhibit the muscle movements in the gastrointestinal tract necessary for bowel movements.
Choice D reason: Opioid narcotics are well-known to cause constipation as they reduce gastrointestinal motility, leading to slower transit times and increased water absorption from the stool.
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