A nurse is caring for a 2-year old who has a heart defect and is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Check for iodine or shellfish allergies prior to the procedure
Place an NPO status for 12 hours prior to the procedure
Elevate the affected extremity following the procedure.
Limit fluid intake following the procedure.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Check for iodine or shellfish allergies prior to the procedure: Cardiac catheterization often involves the use of a contrast dye that contains iodine. If the child has an allergy to iodine or shellfish, there is an increased risk of an allergic reaction to the dye.
B. Place an NPO status for 12 hours prior to the procedure: NPO status typically is required for a few hours before a procedure involving anesthesia or sedation, but not necessarily for 12 hours. The specific time frame should be determined by the healthcare provider.
C. Elevate the affected extremity following the procedure: After cardiac catheterization, the affected extremity should typically be kept straight and immobilized to prevent bleeding or hematoma formation. Elevating the extremity may not be advisable.
D. Limit fluid intake following the procedure: After cardiac catheterization, the child should be encouraged to drink fluids to help flush the contrast dye from their system, unless contraindicated by other factors.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "I should give the iron with milk to help prevent stomach upset.": Milk should not be given with iron supplements as it can decrease the absorption of iron. Vitamin C is often recommended with iron to enhance absorption.
B. "My child should avoid eating citrus fruits while taking the supplements.": Citrus fruits, which are high in vitamin C, actually help increase the absorption of iron, so they should not be avoided.
C. "I should take my child to the emergency room if his stool becomes dark.": Dark stools are a common and harmless side effect of iron supplementation due to unabsorbed iron, so this is not an emergency situation.
D. "My child should take the supplement through a straw.": Liquid iron supplements can stain the teeth. To avoid this, it is recommended to give the supplement through a straw to minimize contact with the teeth.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Both parents are carriers of the CF gene: Cystic fibrosis follows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, meaning both parents must carry one copy of the defective gene, even if they do not have the disease themselves. The child inherits one copy of the defective gene from each parent to develop CF.
B. The inheritance pattern is multifactorial: CF is not a multifactorial disease; it follows a clear recessive genetic inheritance pattern.
C. The result is probably a genetic mutation: CF is caused by a genetic mutation, but this mutation is inherited from both parents. It is not usually a spontaneous mutation unless it occurs in the parental genetic material, which is rare.
D. Only one parent carries the CF gene: For the child to inherit CF, both parents must be carriers of the gene. If only one parent carries the gene, the child would be a carrier, not affected by the disease.
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