A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply)
Lack of eye contact
Inability to play quietly
Constant spinning of a toy
Withdrawal from physical contact
Correct Answer : A,C,D
A. Lack of eye contact: Difficulty with eye contact is a common characteristic of ASD. Many individuals with ASD may have challenges in establishing or maintaining eye contact during social interactions.
B. Inability to play quietly: Individuals with ASD may engage in repetitive or stereotyped behaviors, including noisy or disruptive play. However, the inability to play quietly is not universally present in all individuals with ASD.
C. Constant spinning of a toy: Repetitive or stereotyped movements, such as spinning objects or repetitive hand movements, are common behaviors observed in individuals with ASD. This behavior is often referred to as "stimming" or self-stimulatory behavior.
D. Withdrawal from physical contact: Sensory sensitivities are common in individuals with ASD, and some may be hypersensitive to touch or physical contact. As a result, they may withdraw from or avoid physical contact with others.
E. Repeated voiding in clothes: Repeated voiding in clothes is not typically considered a core feature of ASD. However, some individuals with ASD may have challenges with toileting, including difficulties with toilet training or sensory sensitivities related to bathroom routines.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Administer a sedative medication: While sedation may be necessary in some cases to manage acute agitation or aggression, it should not be the first action taken. Administration of sedative medication requires a careful assessment of the client's condition, potential drug interactions, and individualized dosing considerations. It's important to consider less restrictive interventions before resorting to sedation.
B. Perform a debriefing with the staff: Debriefing with the staff is an essential step in processing the crisis situation and ensuring the well-being of the team. However, it should not be the first action taken when the client is in immediate danger of harming themselves or others.
C. Acknowledge the client's emotions: Acknowledging the client's emotions and validating their feelings can help establish rapport and de-escalate the situation. However, if the client is actively threatening self-harm or violence, addressing safety concerns should take precedence.
D. Place the client in restraints: Restraints should only be used as a last resort and when less restrictive interventions have failed to ensure the safety of the client and others. Restraints should not be the first action taken, especially if there are other interventions that can be attempted to de-escalate the situation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Has a family member indicated that you should cut down on your drinking?”: This question assesses whether there have been any external concerns or criticisms related to the client's alcohol consumption, which is a common feature in alcohol use disorder.
B. “Have you had a glass of wine in the last week?”: While this question assesses recent alcohol consumption, it does not specifically address problematic drinking patterns or consequences associated with alcohol use disorder.
C. “Do you drink alcohol with your friends?”: This question addresses social drinking behavior but does not specifically focus on the potential for alcohol use disorder or problematic drinking patterns.
D. "Do you enjoy drinking alcohol?”: While enjoyment of alcohol may be relevant to the overall assessment, it does not specifically address problematic drinking patterns or consequences associated with alcohol use disorder.
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