A nurse is caring for a 6-week-old infant who has hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS). Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?

A. Metabolic alkalosis is not a common acid-base imbalance associated with ARF. Instead, metabolic acidosis is more commonly observed due to the retention of metabolic waste products.

B. Water and sodium (Na) retention: In ARF, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter and excrete waste products and excess fluids. This leads to the retention of water and sodium, contributing to fluid overload.

C. Anemia: ARF can lead to decreased erythropoietin production by the kidneys, which can result in anemia due to reduced red blood cell production.

D. Hyperkalemia: The impaired kidney function in ARF may result in the inability to regulate potassium levels. Elevated levels of potassium (hyperkalemia) can be a dangerous complication.

E. Increased urinary output is not a typical finding in ARF. Instead, the hallmark of ARF is a reduction in urine output or oliguria.

A. Provide activities for the sibling to do at home: While providing activities can be a good way to engage the sibling and offer a distraction, it may not address their need for understanding and emotional support. Answering questions and providing information about the condition is more directly beneficial in this context.

B. Avoid interruptions by coordinating using actions: This option is not clear and may not directly address the social support needs of the sibling. It's important to have open communication and address their concerns rather than coordinating actions to avoid interruptions.

C. Answer questions honestly and clearly.

In a situation where a 10-year-old sibling of a child with a complex chronic condition needs social support, providing honest and clear answers to their questions is essential. It's important to address their concerns and provide information in an age-appropriate manner. Children can feel anxious or confused when a sibling has a complex chronic condition, and providing honest and clear answers helps them understand the situation better and reduces their anxiety.

D. Encourage the sibling to write in a journal: While journaling can be a helpful coping strategy, it may not be the most immediate response to their social support needs. Answering questions and providing emotional support should come first.