A nurse is caring for a 6-week-old infant who has hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS). Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?

A white glow of the pupil, often referred to as "cat's eye reflex" or "leukocoria," is a significant and characteristic sign of retinoblastoma. It occurs when the tumor within the eye reflects light, resulting in a white or yellowish glow in the pupil when light is shined into it. This can be seen in flash photographs or in certain lighting conditions. It's a crucial sign that may indicate the presence of retinoblastoma, a rare eye cancer that primarily affects young children.

The other options, B (ptosis of the eye), C (fixed and dilated pupil), and D (purulent eye discharge), are not typically associated with retinoblastoma. Ptosis is the drooping of the upper eyelid, a fixed and dilated pupil is usually a sign of neurological issues, and purulent eye discharge is often associated with eye infections rather than retinoblastoma.

A. Get 8 hours of sleep at night and take naps during the day:

While adequate sleep is generally important for overall health, it may not be the most critical factor for a patient with aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia primarily affects blood cell production, and managing infection risk and blood counts are more crucial in this context.

B. Practice yoga and meditation to decrease stress and anxiety:

Stress reduction techniques, such as yoga and meditation, can be beneficial for anyone's overall well-being, but it's not the top priority for someone with aplastic anemia. Managing stress is essential, but again, reducing the risk of infections and maintaining adequate blood counts are more critical.

C. Eat animal protein and dark leafy vegetables each day:

Proper nutrition is essential for patients with aplastic anemia, as it can help support the production of red blood cells and maintain overall health. However, while a balanced diet is important, avoiding infections and minimizing exposure to contagions is more pressing.

D. Avoid exposure to others with acute infection:

This is the most crucial concept for patients with aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia leads to a weakened immune system, making the patient highly susceptible to infections. Exposure to individuals with acute infections can be life-threatening for these patients. Preventing infections and maintaining adequate blood counts are paramount in the care of individuals with aplastic anemia.