A nurse is caring for a 75-year-old client with aspiration pneumonia. The nurse should recognize what age-related change can contribute to the development of aspiration pneumonia?
Degenerative joint changes
Decreased gastric secretions
Decreased sense of smell
Diminished cough reflex
The Correct Answer is D
A: Degenerative joint changes can affect mobility and overall health but do not directly contribute to aspiration pneumonia.
B: Decreased gastric secretions can affect digestion but are not a primary factor in the development of aspiration pneumonia.
C: A decreased sense of smell can affect appetite and food intake but does not directly lead to aspiration pneumonia.
D: A diminished cough reflex is a significant age-related change that can contribute to the development of aspiration pneumonia. The cough reflex helps clear the airway of food, liquid, and other foreign materials. When this reflex is diminished, the risk of aspiration and subsequent pneumonia increases.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A: Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, can occur in various conditions but is not a primary manifestation of hypovolemia. Hypovolemia primarily affects the cardiovascular system due to reduced blood volume.
B: Increased blood pressure is not a typical manifestation of hypovolemia. In fact, hypovolemia usually leads to decreased blood pressure due to the reduced volume of circulating blood.
C: A weak pulse is a common manifestation of hypovolemia. The reduced blood volume leads to decreased cardiac output, resulting in a weak and thready pulse.
D: Decreased heart rate is not typical in hypovolemia. The body usually compensates for low blood volume by increasing the heart rate (tachycardia) to maintain adequate circulation.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A: Schedule I drugs do not have the lowest abuse potential. They are classified as having the highest potential for abuse.
B: Schedule I drugs do not have a moderate abuse potential. They are considered to have a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use.
C: Schedule I drugs do not have a mild abuse potential. They are classified as having the highest potential for abuse.
D: Schedule I drugs have the highest abuse potential and are not accepted for medical use in the United States. Examples include heroin and LSD.
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