A nurse is caring for a child who has been diagnosed with malignant neuroblastoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

The tumor is located in the lower back of the brain in the midline posterior fossa.

The tumor originated in the adrenal glands.

The tumor has not spread to other areas of the child's body.

The tumor came from malformation of astrocyte glial brain cells.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The tumor is located in the lower back of the brain in the midline posterior fossa is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of a cerebellar or brainstem tumor, not neuroblastoma.

B. The tumor originated in the adrenal glands is correct. Neuroblastoma typically arises from the adrenal glands, though it can also develop in nerve tissue along the spine, neck, chest, or pelvis.

C. The tumor has not spread to other areas of the child's body is incorrect. Neuroblastoma often metastasizes to other parts of the body, such as the bones, lymph nodes, liver, and skin.

D. The tumor came from malformation of astrocyte glial brain cells is incorrect. This describes gliomas, which are a different category of brain tumors, not neuroblastoma.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Age of the child is important in determining the approach to treatment and potential outcomes, but the priority in planning treatment is addressing the extent of the disease, particularly whether it has spread. Age may influence treatment choices but is secondary to assessing metastasis.

B. Range of motion in the affected area is important in managing functional outcomes, especially for tumors that affect muscles or joints, but the highest priority when planning care is understanding the extent of the disease, specifically metastasis, before focusing on rehabilitation.

C. Health complications from the tumor are significant for symptom management and treatment planning, but the critical first step in treatment is determining the stage of the cancer and whether the tumor has spread. This information guides treatment decisions.

D. Whether or not the tumor has metastasized is the highest priority. The spread of the tumor (metastasis) directly impacts the treatment plan and prognosis, influencing decisions such as the need for systemic therapies (chemotherapy) in addition to local treatments like surgery or radiation.

A. A deep wound that caused external bleeding on the head and face B. Trauma from contact sports that caused the brain to twist or bounce against the skull C. A blow to the head that caused diffuse bleeding between the skull and brain D. A fall that caused blood from a ruptured artery to pool in the brain

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A deep wound causing external bleeding does not describe a concussion, which involves a brain injury due to trauma, not a superficial wound.

B. A concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury caused by a blow to the head or trauma that causes the brain to twist or bounce inside the skull. This movement can lead to temporary neurological impairment.

C. Bleeding between the skull and brain (epidural hematoma or subdural hematoma) is associated with more severe traumatic brain injuries, not a concussion.

D. A ruptured artery leading to pooling of blood in the brain is more characteristic of an intracerebral hemorrhage or a severe head injury, not a concussion.

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A nurse is caring for a child who has been diagnosed with malignant neuroblastoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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