A nurse is caring for a child who has been diagnosed with malignant neuroblastoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
The tumor is located in the lower back of the brain in the midline posterior fossa.
The tumor originated in the adrenal glands.
The tumor has not spread to other areas of the child's body.
The tumor came from malformation of astrocyte glial brain cells.
The Correct Answer is B
A. The tumor is located in the lower back of the brain in the midline posterior fossa is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of a cerebellar or brainstem tumor, not neuroblastoma.
B. The tumor originated in the adrenal glands is correct. Neuroblastoma typically arises from the adrenal glands, though it can also develop in nerve tissue along the spine, neck, chest, or pelvis.
C. The tumor has not spread to other areas of the child's body is incorrect. Neuroblastoma often metastasizes to other parts of the body, such as the bones, lymph nodes, liver, and skin.
D. The tumor came from malformation of astrocyte glial brain cells is incorrect. This describes gliomas, which are a different category of brain tumors, not neuroblastoma.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Bone marrow transplantation offers the best chance of long-term survival is incorrect. Bone marrow transplantation is not the primary treatment for osteosarcoma. Treatment typically focuses on surgery and chemotherapy.
B. Treatment usually consists of surgery and chemotherapy is correct. The main treatment for osteosarcoma involves a combination of surgery (to remove the tumor) and chemotherapy (to treat any potential metastasis). This approach is the standard for achieving long-term survival in most cases.
C. Intensive irradiation is the primary treatment is incorrect. While radiation therapy can sometimes be used, it is not the primary treatment for osteosarcoma. Surgery and chemotherapy are the main modalities.
D. Amputation of the affected extremity is rarely necessary is incorrect. While limb-sparing surgery is often possible, amputation may still be required in some cases, depending on the location and extent of the tumor. Thus, saying amputation is rarely necessary may be misleading.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Brisk pupillary reaction to light is a normal finding and does not indicate increased intracranial pressure (ICP). In fact, a sluggish or non-reactive pupil response is more indicative of increased ICP.
B. Increased sleepiness or lethargy is an early sign of increased ICP in infants. The brain’s response to rising pressure can cause altered mental status, which includes drowsiness or difficulty waking.
C. Tachycardia is not typically an early sign of increased ICP. As pressure increases, the heart rate can actually slow, and bradycardia (slower heart rate) is often seen in more advanced stages.
D. Depressed fontanels are not indicative of increased ICP. In fact, in infants, increased ICP is more commonly associated with bulging fontanels, not depressed ones. Depressed fontanels could indicate dehydration or malnutrition.
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