A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected of having pertussis. The nurse should recognize that the pathophysiology of pertussis includes which of the following?
The infection mainly affects the nostrils.
The infection is viral in nature.
The toxins released by the bacteria attack epithelial cell cilia.
The lungs and airway become inflamed.
Correct Answer : C,D,E
A. Pertussis primarily affects the respiratory tract rather than just the nostrils.
B. Pertussis is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, making it a bacterial infection, not viral.
C. The bacteria release toxins that damage the cilia of the epithelial cells in the respiratory tract, disrupting their function.
D. Inflammation occurs in the lungs and airway due to the infection, contributing to symptoms such as cough.
E. The infection leads to excessive secretions that are difficult to expel, resulting in the characteristic whooping cough associated with pertussis.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. The parent applying prescribed medication as instructed indicates proper understanding of post-operative care and adherence to treatment.
B. Allowing the child to lift their older sibling above the ground is inappropriate as it can lead to increased pressure on the ear, risking complications.
C. Enforcing nose blowing only when necessary is a correct action since excessive force can displace the tympanoplasty tube or introduce bacteria into the ear.
D. Planning to have the child use ear plugs in the shower is an effective precaution to protect the ears from water exposure, which is essential post-surgery.
E. Reporting purulent drainage immediately to the surgeon shows awareness of potential complications and the need for prompt medical attention.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Administering IV fluids may be necessary but is not the first priority in managing a suspected airway emergency.
B. Placing the child on droplet precautions is the first action to take to prevent the spread of infection and protect healthcare workers, given the suspected diagnosis of epiglottitis.
C. Initiating IV antibiotics is essential but should follow ensuring that appropriate precautions and assessments are in place.
D. While obtaining an x-ray can confirm the diagnosis, the child's safety and airway management must be prioritized first to avoid potential respiratory distress.
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