A client with a dehydrated child asks the nurse how to prevent dehydration.
What should the nurse educate the client about?

"The importance of maintaining a warm room temperature.”..

"The significance of oral rehydration solution (ORS).”..

"The need for complete blood count (CBC) testing.”..

"The child's need for frequent, heavy meals.”..

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Maintaining a warm room temperature is not the key to preventing dehydration.

Dehydration occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in, and temperature control in the room doesn't directly address this issue.

Choice B rationale:

The significance of oral rehydration solution (ORS) is a crucial factor in preventing and treating dehydration.

ORS contains a balanced mixture of salts and sugars that help the body reabsorb water and electrolytes lost due to dehydration.

It is the most effective way to rehydrate a dehydrated child.

Educating the client about the importance of ORS is essential because it provides a clear solution to the problem of dehydration.

Choice C rationale:

The need for a complete blood count (CBC) testing is unrelated to the prevention of dehydration.

CBC is a diagnostic test used to assess various blood parameters, including red and white blood cell counts.

It is not a preventive measure against dehydration.

Choice D rationale:

Suggesting the child's need for frequent, heavy meals is not an appropriate way to prevent dehydration.

In fact, heavy meals can sometimes worsen dehydration as they may be difficult to digest, leading to an increased risk of vomiting and diarrhea, which exacerbate fluid loss.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Normal saline (0.9% NaCl).

Rationale: Normal saline is the most appropriate choice for a client with dehydration and hyponatremia.

It provides a balanced solution with sodium and chloride, which can help correct hyponatremia and rehydrate the client.

It is an isotonic solution and is commonly used for fluid resuscitation.

Choice B rationale:

Half normal saline (0.45% NaCl).

Rationale: Half normal saline is also an isotonic solution, but it contains less sodium than normal saline.

In a case of hyponatremia, it's better to use a solution with a higher sodium concentration, making choice A (normal saline) more appropriate.

Choice C rationale:

Lactated Ringer’s.

Rationale: Lactated Ringer's is another isotonic solution, but it may not be the best choice for a client with hyponatremia.

It contains lactate, which can be metabolized to bicarbonate, potentially worsening the client's hyponatremia.

Therefore, it's not the most appropriate option in this case.

Choice D rationale:

D5W (5% dextrose in water).

Rationale: D5W is a hypotonic solution and should not be used for rehydration in a client with hyponatremia.

It can exacerbate the electrolyte imbalance and is not suitable for addressing dehydration.

A. Total maintenance fluids = 1800 mL/day. B. Total maintenance fluids = 1200 mL/day. C. Total maintenance fluids = 1600 mL/day. D. Total maintenance fluids = 1400 mL/day.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is Choice B: Total maintenance fluids = 1200 mL/day.

Choice A rationale:

This value exceeds the calculated requirement for a child weighing 18 kg using the Holliday-Segar method.

Choice B rationale:

The Holliday-Segar method calculates maintenance fluids based on weight as follows:

For the first 10 kg, the requirement is 100 mL/kg.
For the next 10 kg, the requirement is 50 mL/kg.

Thus, for a child weighing 18 kg:

First 10 kg: 10 kg x 100 mL/kg = 1000 mL
Next 8 kg: 8 kg x 50 mL/kg = 400 mL Total maintenance fluid requirement = 1000 mL + 400 mL = 1400 mL/day.

So, actually, the correct answer should be Choice D: 1400 mL/day.

Choice C rationale:

This value is higher than the requirement for 18 kg based on the Holliday-Segar method.

Choice D rationale:

This is the correct calculation based on the method described above: 1000 mL for the first 10 kg plus 400 mL for the next 8 kg totals 1400 mL/day.

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A client with a dehydrated child asks the nurse how to prevent dehydration.What should the nurse educate the client about?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is admitted to the hospital with dehydration and hyponatremia.The nurse is preparing to start an intravenous (IV) infusion.Which of the following IV fluids is the most appropriate for this client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is calculating maintenance fluids for a child who weighs 18 kg. According to the Holliday-Segar method, what would be the total maintenance fluid requirement for this child?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A client with a dehydrated child asks the nurse how to prevent dehydration.
What should the nurse educate the client about?