A client with a dehydrated child asks the nurse how to prevent dehydration.
What should the nurse educate the client about?

"The importance of maintaining a warm room temperature.”..

"The significance of oral rehydration solution (ORS).”..

"The need for complete blood count (CBC) testing.”..

"The child's need for frequent, heavy meals.”..

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Maintaining a warm room temperature is not the key to preventing dehydration.

Dehydration occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in, and temperature control in the room doesn't directly address this issue.

Choice B rationale:

The significance of oral rehydration solution (ORS) is a crucial factor in preventing and treating dehydration.

ORS contains a balanced mixture of salts and sugars that help the body reabsorb water and electrolytes lost due to dehydration.

It is the most effective way to rehydrate a dehydrated child.

Educating the client about the importance of ORS is essential because it provides a clear solution to the problem of dehydration.

Choice C rationale:

The need for a complete blood count (CBC) testing is unrelated to the prevention of dehydration.

CBC is a diagnostic test used to assess various blood parameters, including red and white blood cell counts.

It is not a preventive measure against dehydration.

Choice D rationale:

Suggesting the child's need for frequent, heavy meals is not an appropriate way to prevent dehydration.

In fact, heavy meals can sometimes worsen dehydration as they may be difficult to digest, leading to an increased risk of vomiting and diarrhea, which exacerbate fluid loss.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Approximately 100 mL/hour.

To calculate the total hourly fluid replacement rate, we can use the Holliday-Segar method, which is commonly used in pediatrics.

According to this method, a child's daily maintenance fluid requirement is calculated as follows: For the first 10 kg of body weight: 100 mL/kg/day.

For the next 10 kg of body weight: 50 mL/kg/day.

For each additional kg of body weight: 20 mL/kg/day.

In this case, the child weighs 14 kg.

So, we calculate as follows: For the first 10 kg: 10 kg x 100 mL/kg/day = 1000 mL/day.

For the next 4 kg (14 kg - 10 kg): 4 kg x 50 mL/kg/day = 200 mL/day.

Now, add these two together: 1000 mL/day + 200 mL/day = 1200 mL/day.

To find the hourly rate, we divide the daily requirement by 24 (hours in a day): 1200 mL/day ÷ 24 hours/day = 50 mL/hour.

So, the child's total hourly fluid replacement rate should be approximately 50 mL/hour.

However, this is an approximate rate.

To be more conservative in the case of severe dehydration, it's common to round this up to approximately 100 mL/hour to ensure that the child receives adequate fluids to rehydrate.

Choice A rationale:

Approximately 58 mL/hour is not The correct answer.

This calculation does not match the standard Holliday-Segar method used in pediatrics for fluid replacement.

Choice B rationale:

Approximately 140 mL/hour is not The correct answer.

This calculation significantly exceeds the recommended hourly fluid replacement rate for a child of this weight, which could potentially lead to overhydration.

Choice D rationale:

Approximately 82 mL/hour is not The correct answer.

This calculation does not align with the standard method for calculating fluid replacement in pediatric patients.

A. “Mild dehydration, which is 3-5% loss of body weight.”. B. “Moderate dehydration, which is 6-9% loss of body weight.”. C. “Severe dehydration, which is ≥10% loss of body weight.”. D. “No dehydration, which is less than 3% loss of body weight.”..

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

“Severe dehydration, which is ≥10% loss of body weight.”.

Choice A rationale:

Mild dehydration is typically classified as a 3-5% loss of body weight.

The signs and symptoms described in the scenario, such as dry mucous membranes, decreased urine output, and decreased skin turgor, are indicative of more severe dehydration than a 3-5% loss.

Choice B rationale:

Moderate dehydration is generally considered to be a 6-9% loss of body weight.

However, the signs and symptoms presented in the scenario suggest a more severe state of dehydration.

Choice C rationale:

Severe dehydration is classified as a loss of ≥10% of body weight.

The signs and symptoms observed by the nurse, including dry mucous membranes, decreased urine output, and decreased skin turgor, are consistent with severe dehydration, making choice C The correct classification.

Choice D rationale:

No dehydration is defined as less than a 3% loss of body weight.

The clinical manifestations observed in the child, as described in the scenario, clearly indicate dehydration.

In this case, the child's signs and symptoms align with the classification of severe dehydration, which is characterized by a loss of ≥10% of body weight.

These symptoms include dry mucous membranes, decreased urine output, and decreased skin turgor.

It's crucial to recognize the severity of dehydration accurately to initiate the appropriate treatment and prevent complications.

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A client with a dehydrated child asks the nurse how to prevent dehydration.What should the nurse educate the client about?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a child with severe dehydration who weighs 14 kg.What would be the total hourly fluid replacement rate for this child?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is assessing a dehydrated child for hydration status.Select all the clinical signs and symptoms of dehydration that the nurse should consider.

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A nurse is calculating maintenance fluids for a child who weighs 18 kg. According to the Holliday-Segar method, what would be the total maintenance fluid requirement for this child?

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A client with a dehydrated child asks the nurse how to prevent dehydration.
What should the nurse educate the client about?