A nurse is caring for a client admitted for renal calculus. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse associate with renal calculi?
(Select All that Apply.)
Incontinence
Gastrointestinal upset
Urinary urgency
Fever
Flank pain
Correct Answer : B,C,D,E
A. Incontinence: Incontinence is not a typical symptom of renal calculi. Pain, urgency, and difficulty urinating are more common.
B. Gastrointestinal upset: Nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal upset can occur as a result of renal colic due to the proximity of the kidneys to the gastrointestinal system.
C. Urinary urgency: Clients with renal calculi may experience urinary urgency due to irritation of the urinary tract.
D. Fever: Fever may indicate an infection related to the obstruction caused by the stone, such as pyelonephritis.
E. Flank pain: Flank pain, often severe and radiating to the lower abdomen or groin, is a classic symptom of renal calculi as the stone moves through the urinary tract.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, and Omeprazole: This is the most common combination used in triple therapy for H. pylori eradication. It includes two antibiotics (Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin) to eliminate the bacteria, and a proton pump inhibitor (Omeprazole) to reduce stomach acid and promote healing.
B. Ciprofloxacin, Metronidazole, and Ranitidine: Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole are not typically part of the standard regimen for H. pylori infection. Ranitidine is an H2-receptor antagonist, not commonly used in current treatment protocols for H. pylori.
C. Erythromycin, Amoxicillin, and Famotidine: Erythromycin is not part of the standard H. pylori treatment regimen, and Famotidine is an H2-receptor antagonist, which is less effective than proton pump inhibitors for H. pylori.
D. Metronidazole, Tetracycline, and Bismuth subsalicylate: This combination is used in quadruple therapy for H. pylori infections, but it is not the most common initial treatment.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","F"]
Explanation
A. Increased fluid intake and patient education on hydration: Encouraging increased fluid intake helps to flush bacteria from the urinary tract and prevent further infection. Hydration is a key component of managing UTIs, as it dilutes urine and promotes frequent urination, reducing bacterial colonization.
B. Blood cultures: Blood cultures are not typically indicated for uncomplicated UTIs, especially in a patient without signs of systemic infection or sepsis (e.g., high fever, hypotension, tachycardia). Blood cultures are more relevant in severe or complicated UTIs, or when there is concern for urosepsis.
C. Urine culture and sensitivity testing: A urine culture and sensitivity is essential for identifying the specific bacteria causing the infection and determining the appropriate antibiotic for treatment. This is especially important for patients with a history of recurrent UTIs to ensure the right antibiotic is selected and to avoid antibiotic resistance.
D. Repeat urinalysis after antibiotic treatment completion: A repeat urinalysis after antibiotic treatment is often ordered to ensure that the infection has been resolved, particularly in patients with recurrent infections.
E. Foley catheter placement: A Foley catheter is not appropriate for this patient, as there is no indication of urinary retention, and catheterization increases the risk of introducing new infections.
F. Oral antibiotics, such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or ciprofloxacin: Oral antibiotics like trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) or ciprofloxacin are commonly prescribed for treating uncomplicated UTIs. Given the patient’s history of recurrent UTIs, empiric antibiotic therapy is appropriate pending urine culture results.
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