A nurse is caring for a client who has an admitted diagnosis of renal calculi and medical history of hypertension and gout. The client works 6 days of the week outside in temperatures between 32.2° C to 37.8° C (90° F to 100° F). Which of the following should the nurse tell the client to prevent a reoccurrence of renal calculi?

Eat a diet high in calcium oxalate-rich foods.

Drink plenty of fluids during the day.

Eat a diet high in purine-rich foods.

Continue to take your prescribed gout medication.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Eat a diet high in calcium oxalate-rich foods: This is incorrect. A diet high in oxalate can promote stone formation, so it should be avoided.

B. Drink plenty of fluids during the day. Adequate hydration is the most important strategy to prevent the formation of renal calculi, especially in hot climates where fluid loss through sweat increases the risk.

C. Eat a diet high in purine-rich foods: This is incorrect. Purine-rich foods can increase uric acid levels and contribute to uric acid stone formation, especially in clients with gout.

D. Continue to take your prescribed gout medication: While this is important for managing gout, it does not directly prevent renal calculi, so it is not the most relevant intervention.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A low-fat diet: A low-fat diet is recommended for clients with chronic cholecystitis to reduce the workload on the gallbladder and prevent biliary colic, which can be triggered by the digestion of fats.

B. A low-sodium diet: While a low-sodium diet may be recommended for other conditions, it is not specifically indicated for biliary colic or cholecystitis.

C. A high-fiber diet: Although fiber is beneficial for overall health, it does not directly prevent biliary colic related to cholecystitis.

D. A high-protein diet:A high-protein diet is not recommended for biliary colic. Fat content is the primary concern, not protein.

A. Encourage the patient to use an alcohol-based mouthwash to clean the oral cavity. B. Advise the patient to avoid all oral intake until the ulcers heal completely. C. Suggest the patient to brush their teeth vigorously to remove any bacteria from the mouth D. Recommend the patient to consume soft, non-irritating foods and avoid acidic or spicy foods.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Encourage the patient to use an alcohol-based mouthwash to clean the oral cavity:
Alcohol-based mouthwashes can irritate the oral mucosa and worsen the pain of stomatitis. Instead, non-alcoholic, soothing mouth rinses are recommended.

B. Advise the patient to avoid all oral intake until the ulcers heal completely: Patients still need proper nutrition, and complete avoidance of food can lead to malnutrition. Soft, non-irritating foods are encouraged rather than full avoidance.

C. Suggest the patient brush their teeth vigorously to remove any bacteria from the mouth: Vigorous brushing can worsen oral ulcers and lead to further pain and bleeding. A gentle, soft-bristle toothbrush should be recommended.

D. Recommend the patient to consume soft, non-irritating foods and avoid acidic or spicy foods.
Consuming soft, bland, non-irritating foods and avoiding acidic or spicy foods helps reduce discomfort and prevent further irritation of oral ulcers, which is essential in managing stomatitis.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing dietary instructions with a client who has episodes of biliary colic from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following diets should the nurse reinforce in the teaching plan?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient undergoing chemotherapy reports painful oral ulcers, difficulty eating, and a metallic taste in the mouth. The nurse suspects stomatitis. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for this patient?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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