A nurse is caring for a client admitted with chest pain, and the healthcare provider orders a cardiac biomarker test. Which biomarker is most specific for diagnosing a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Myoglobin.

C-reactive protein (CRP).

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP).

Troponin.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) This choice is incorrect because myoglobin is a cardiac biomarker that may be elevated in MI, but it lacks specificity and can also be elevated in other conditions like skeletal muscle injury.

B) This choice is incorrect because C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory marker and is not specific to MI. It may be elevated in various inflammatory conditions.

C) This choice is incorrect because brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a biomarker associated with heart failure and is not specific to diagnosing MI.

D) This choice is correct. Troponin is the most specific biomarker for diagnosing MI. Elevated troponin levels in the blood indicate cardiac muscle damage, making it a reliable marker for myocardial infarction. Troponin levels rise shortly after the onset of MI and remain elevated for several days, making it valuable in both early and delayed MI detection.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because chest pain caused by an irregular heart rhythm is more characteristic of arrhythmias, not angina pectoris.

B) This choice is correct. Angina pectoris is caused by the narrowing of the coronary arteries due to atherosclerotic plaques, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle during periods of increased demand (e.g., physical exertion, stress).

C) This choice is incorrect because inflammation in the lining of the heart is associated with conditions like pericarditis or myocarditis, not angina pectoris.

D) This choice is incorrect because chest pain caused by the heart muscle overworking is more typical of conditions like heart failure, not angina pectoris.

A. "I will swallow the tablet with water to relieve the pain quickly." B. "I should take the medication 30 minutes before a meal." C. "I will place the tablet under my tongue when chest pain starts." D. "I can take the nitroglycerin every day to prevent chest pain."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because sublingual nitroglycerin should not be swallowed with water. It is intended to dissolve under the tongue for rapid absorption into the bloodstream to provide quick relief from chest pain.

B) This choice is incorrect because the timing of nitroglycerin administration is not dependent on meals. Sublingual nitroglycerin should be taken as needed when chest pain occurs.

C) This choice is correct. Sublingual nitroglycerin is administered by placing the tablet under the tongue, where it dissolves and is absorbed directly into the bloodstream. This method allows for rapid onset of action and is used to relieve acute chest pain.

D) This choice is incorrect because sublingual nitroglycerin is not meant for daily or preventive use. It is specifically used to treat acute episodes of chest pain (angina) and should be taken only when needed. Clients with angina may be prescribed long-acting nitroglycerin preparations for prophylactic use, but sublingual nitroglycerin is intended for immediate relief of anginal symptoms.

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A nurse is caring for a client admitted with chest pain, and the healthcare provider orders a cardiac biomarker test. Which biomarker is most specific for diagnosing a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with a history of angina pectoris asks the nurse about the underlying cause of the chest pain. What should the nurse explain to the client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with angina pectoris is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin for chest pain episodes. The nurse educates the client about its administration. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the instructions?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client presents to the emergency department with chest pain and is suspected of having a myocardial infarction (MI). The client asks the nurse about the diagnostic test used to confirm the diagnosis. Which test should the nurse mention?

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected myocardial infarction (MI). Which assessment finding is most indicative of an acute MI?

A client with unstable angina is prescribed heparin therapy. The client asks the nurse about the purpose of this medication. How should the nurse respond?

A client who had an acute myocardial infarction (MI) is scheduled for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The client asks the nurse about the purpose of this procedure. How should the nurse respond?

A client who had an MI is advised to quit smoking to reduce the risk of future cardiac events. The client expresses difficulty in quitting and asks the nurse for suggestions. What should the nurse recommend?

A client with multiple risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI) asks the nurse how to lower the risk. What should the nurse recommend as the most effective approach?

A client with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is admitted to the emergency department. The healthcare provider orders fibrinolytic therapy. What is the primary purpose of fibrinolytic therapy in this situation?

A nurse is caring for a client admitted with myocardial infarction (MI). The client's blood pressure drops, and the client becomes restless and anxious. What intervention should the nurse initiate first?