A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department (ED). Afib

Exhibits

Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is []

Atrial fibrillation is characterized by an irregular, often rapid heart rate that can lead to poor blood flow. The client's symptoms of a "fluttering" and "racing" heartbeat, dizziness, and shortness of breath, along with the irregular cardiac rhythm and unclear P waves, are indicative of atrial fibrillation.
Obtaining a 12 lead ECG is essential to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of the arrhythmia.
Administering an anticoagulant is crucial to prevent thromboembolic events, such as stroke, which are common complications of atrial fibrillation.
Monitoring for manifestations of stroke is important because atrial fibrillation increases the risk of stroke.
PT/INR should be monitored to ensure the effectiveness and safety of anticoagulant therapy.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hypermagnesemia: This condition can cause muscle weakness or lethargy, but it is not typically associated with muscle cramping.
B. Hypocalcemia: Muscle cramping is a common sign of hypocalcemia, which can occur in acute pancreatitis due to the precipitation of calcium in the pancreas or the surrounding tissues. Hypocalcemia leads to neuromuscular irritability, causing muscle spasms and cramping.
C. Dehydration: Dehydration can lead to muscle weakness, but muscle cramping is more commonly associated with electrolyte imbalances like hypocalcemia.
D. Hyperkalemia: While hyperkalemia can cause muscle weakness or even paralysis, it is not typically associated with muscle cramping.

A. Bone demineralization B. Fat embolism syndrome C. Muscle atrophy D. Renal calculi

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Bone demineralization occurs over a longer period of immobilization and is not a primary concern within the first 24 to 48 hours following a fracture.
B. Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a serious complication that can occur within 24 to 48 hours after a long bone fracture, especially a femur fracture. Fat droplets from the bone marrow can enter the bloodstream, leading to embolism in the lungs, brain, or heart, causing symptoms such as respiratory distress, confusion, and petechial rash.
C. Muscle atrophy is a concern with prolonged immobility, but it develops over a longer period of time, not within the first 24 to 48 hours after a fracture.
D. Renal calculi (kidney stones) are more commonly associated with long-term immobility or dehydration, not an immediate complication following a fracture.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An acute pancreatitis patient who complains of muscle cramping. The nurse explains to the patient that is the typical sign and symptom of?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse plans of care for a patient who has a fractured femur. During the 24 to 48 hours after the fracture, the nurse monitors the patient for the development of which complication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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