A nurse is caring for a client in the primary care office who has a recent diagnosis of a hiatal hernia. Which of the following new information will be beneficial for the nurse to relay to the client?
"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for GERD."
"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for stomach cancer."
"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for intestinal cancer."
"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for lung disease."
The Correct Answer is A
A. A hiatal hernia can increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) because the hernia can cause the lower esophageal sphincter to malfunction, leading to the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus. This increases the risk of reflux symptoms, such as heartburn and regurgitation.
B. There is no direct link between a hiatal hernia and an increased risk for stomach cancer. While long-term GERD can contribute to other esophageal issues, such as Barrett’s esophagus, it does not directly cause stomach cancer.
C. A hiatal hernia does not increase the risk of intestinal cancer. Its primary association is with GERD and related complications.
D. A hiatal hernia is not associated with an increased risk for lung disease. However, severe GERD symptoms can cause respiratory issues such as aspiration pneumonia, but this is not the same as directly increasing the risk of lung disease.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cleaning the stoma site with warm water and mild soap is appropriate and the correct way to maintain stoma hygiene. No harsh chemicals or abrasive materials should be used.
B. It is safe for the client to continue participating in physical activities and exercise, as long as they feel comfortable and take necessary precautions to protect the stoma.
C. Clients with an ileostomy are generally advised to avoid high-fiber foods, especially right after surgery, to reduce the risk of blockages.
D. The ostomy bag should typically be changed every 3 to 7 days, depending on the type of bag used and the amount of output. Changing it every day is unnecessary unless there are signs of leakage or skin irritation.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Parenteral nutrition (PN) should not be left out for extended periods. Generally, unused PN should be discarded after 24 hours, not 12 hours, to prevent contamination and bacterial growth.
B. The flow rate of PN should be monitored and adjusted carefully, but it should not be increased without orders. Rapid adjustments could cause complications such as fluid overload or electrolyte imbalances.
C. PN solution should be removed from the refrigerator 1 to 2 hours before use to allow it to come to room temperature, but 2 hours may be too long. It should be done cautiously to avoid bacterial growth at room temperature.
D. Monitoring daily laboratory values is essential for assessing the client's nutritional status, electrolytes, liver function, and kidney function. These values help guide ongoing care and detect complications of PN, such as electrolyte imbalances or liver dysfunction.
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