A nurse is caring for a client in the primary care office who has a recent diagnosis of a hiatal hernia. Which of the following new information will be beneficial for the nurse to relay to the client?
"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for GERD."
"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for stomach cancer."
"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for intestinal cancer."
"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for lung disease."
The Correct Answer is A
A. A hiatal hernia can increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) because the hernia can cause the lower esophageal sphincter to malfunction, leading to the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus. This increases the risk of reflux symptoms, such as heartburn and regurgitation.
B. There is no direct link between a hiatal hernia and an increased risk for stomach cancer. While long-term GERD can contribute to other esophageal issues, such as Barrett’s esophagus, it does not directly cause stomach cancer.
C. A hiatal hernia does not increase the risk of intestinal cancer. Its primary association is with GERD and related complications.
D. A hiatal hernia is not associated with an increased risk for lung disease. However, severe GERD symptoms can cause respiratory issues such as aspiration pneumonia, but this is not the same as directly increasing the risk of lung disease.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Positioning the head of the bed at 10 degrees is not sufficient for optimizing respiratory function. Typically, the head of the bed should be elevated to 30–45 degrees to help with breathing and reduce the risk of aspiration.
B. Encouraging fluid intake of 1500 mL/day may be too low for a client with pneumonia. Adequate hydration is important to thin mucus and help with expectoration, especially in the context of pneumonia. Typically, fluid intake should be higher unless contraindicated.
C. Coughing and deep breathing every 8 hours is insufficient. To prevent atelectasis and promote effective clearance of secretions in clients with pneumonia, coughing and deep breathing should be done more frequently, typically every 2 hours.
D. Obtaining a sputum culture is a priority for determining the specific pathogen causing the pneumonia and guiding antibiotic treatment. A sputum culture helps identify bacterial, viral, or fungal organisms that may be present, which is crucial for managing recurrent pneumonia, especially in an immunocompromised client with AIDS.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A hiatal hernia can increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) because the hernia can cause the lower esophageal sphincter to malfunction, leading to the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus. This increases the risk of reflux symptoms, such as heartburn and regurgitation.
B. There is no direct link between a hiatal hernia and an increased risk for stomach cancer. While long-term GERD can contribute to other esophageal issues, such as Barrett’s esophagus, it does not directly cause stomach cancer.
C. A hiatal hernia does not increase the risk of intestinal cancer. Its primary association is with GERD and related complications.
D. A hiatal hernia is not associated with an increased risk for lung disease. However, severe GERD symptoms can cause respiratory issues such as aspiration pneumonia, but this is not the same as directly increasing the risk of lung disease.
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