A nurse is caring for a client who follows a vegan diet. The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for which of the following deficiencies?
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Magnesium
Folic acid
The Correct Answer is B
The nurse should identify that the client who follows a vegan diet is at risk for deficiencies in Vitamin D, Vitamin B12, and potentially Calcium.
1. Vitamin D: Vitamin D is primarily obtained from sunlight exposure and is also found in animal-based foods such as fatty fish, liver, and egg yolks. Since a vegan diet excludes animal products, it can be challenging to obtain sufficient Vitamin D. Vegans should consider fortified foods (e.g., plant-based milk, breakfast cereals) and may require Vitamin D supplements.
2. Vitamin B12: Vitamin B12 is naturally found only in animal products, such as meat, fish, dairy, and eggs. Vegans are at a high risk of Vitamin B12 deficiency because
plant-based foods do not provide adequate amounts. Vegans should consider taking Vitamin B12 supplements or consuming foods fortified with Vitamin B12, such as certain plant-based milk, meat substitutes, and breakfast cereals.
3. Calcium: Calcium is essential for bone health. While it is possible to obtain calcium from plant-based sources such as fortified plant milk, tofu, leafy green vegetables, and fortified juices, vegan diets may be lower in calcium compared to diets that include dairy products. Vegans should pay attention to their calcium intake and consider supplements if needed.
Regarding the options listed in the question, Vitamin C, Magnesium, and Folic Acid deficiencies are not directly associated with a vegan diet. These nutrients can be adequately obtained from a well-planned vegan diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Throat cancer and radiation therapy can cause various side effects, including nausea, stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth), and weight loss. In this situation, it is important to focus on nutritional support and addressing the client's symptoms.
Selecting foods high in protein is recommended for this client. Protein is essential for tissue repair and maintaining muscle mass, which is crucial for recovery and preventing further weight loss. Foods high in protein include lean meats, poultry, fish, dairy products, eggs, legumes, and tofu. The nurse can work with a registered dietitian to develop a meal plan that incorporates protein-rich foods while considering the client's preferences and any specific dietary restrictions.
Regarding the other options:
● Increase intake of liquids at mealtime: While it is important for the client to maintain hydration, increasing liquid intake at mealtime may contribute to a feeling of fullness and exacerbate nausea. It is generally recommended to consume liquids between meals rather than with meals.
● Serve foods hot: Serving foods hot may not directly address the client's symptoms. The temperature of the food is unlikely to alleviate nausea, stomatitis, or weight loss.
● Consume foods high in fat content: Foods high in fat content may be difficult to tolerate for a client experiencing nausea and stomatitis. Additionally, focusing on increasing protein intake is generally a higher priority than increasing fat intake for a client experiencing weight loss
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Prednisone is a corticosteroid medication that is commonly prescribed for various conditions due to its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. However, corticosteroids can impair wound healing by reducing the body's inflammatory response, delaying collagen synthesis, and weakening the tensile strength of the wound. This increases the risk of wound dehiscence, which is the separation or opening of surgical incisions.
Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce stomach acid production and prevent gastric ulcers but does not directly affect wound healing or increase the risk of wound dehiscence.
Zolmitriptan is a medication used for the acute treatment of migraines and does not directly affect wound healing or increase the risk of wound dehiscence.
Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure and certain heart conditions. It does not directly affect wound healing or increase the risk of wound dehiscence.
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