A nurse is caring for a client who has a large surgical wound healing by secondary intention. The nurse should recommend a diet high in protein and which of the following nutrients?

A. Pulmonary embolism is unrelated to dysphagia, and although a client with dysphagia may be at risk for clotting (due to immobility or other factors), it is not the primary complication of dysphagia.
B. Diarrhea can occur in clients receiving enteral nutrition, but it is not a direct complication of dysphagia itself.
C. Pneumonia is the most common and serious complication of dysphagia due to the risk of aspiration. When food or liquids are inhaled into the lungs, they can cause an infection, leading to aspiration pneumonia.
D. Pressure injury is typically related to immobility or prolonged pressure on the skin and is not directly related to dysphagia, though dysphagic clients who are also immobile may be at higher risk for pressure injuries.

A. Ground beef is considered a soft food that is easy to chew and swallow, making it appropriate for a soft diet. Soft foods are typically easy on the digestive system and do not irritate the mouth or throat, which is crucial for clients with chewing or swallowing difficulties.
B. Raw vegetables are not suitable for a soft diet because they can be difficult to chew and may irritate the digestive tract, especially for clients with limited chewing ability or gastrointestinal issues. Cooked or pureed vegetables are preferable in this case.
C. Fruit with the skin is not appropriate for a soft diet, as the skin can be tough and difficult to digest. Fruits should be peeled or served in a form that is easier to chew, such as pureed or cooked fruits.
D. High-fiber cereals may be too tough or fibrous for a soft diet, particularly for clients with difficulty chewing or swallowing. Soft, low-fiber cereals or those that can be easily softened with milk or water are better choices.