A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of urolithiasis.
Which of the following should the nurse identify as an associated risk factor?
Family history.
BMI less than 25.
Hypocalcemia.
Diuretic use.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice a. Family history.
Choice A rationale:
Family history is a well-known risk factor for urolithiasis. If a close relative has had kidney stones, the likelihood of developing them increases due to genetic predispositions.
Choice B rationale:
A BMI less than 25 is generally considered normal or healthy weight and is not typically associated with an increased risk of urolithiasis. In fact, obesity is more commonly linked to a higher risk of kidney stones.
Choice C rationale:
Hypocalcemia, or low calcium levels in the blood, is not a common risk factor for urolithiasis. High calcium levels in the urine (hypercalciuria) are more often associated with the formation of kidney stones.
Choice D rationale:
Diuretic use can sometimes be associated with kidney stones, but it depends on the type of diuretic. Thiazide diuretics, for example, are often used to prevent calcium stones by reducing calcium excretion in the urine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is Choice C: "I will make a list of my favorite beverages."
Choice A rationale: Stating that they will put beverages in large containers to give the appearance of drinking a lot demonstrates a lack of understanding of fluid restriction guidelines. It focuses on the appearance rather than the actual fluid intake limitation. This statement does not reflect an understanding of the need to limit fluids in acute kidney disease.
Choice B rationale: Consuming most fluids during the evening is not recommended for clients with acute kidney disease as it may lead to discomfort, nighttime urination, and fluid overload. This statement does not demonstrate an understanding of the importance of spreading fluid intake throughout the day.
Choice C rationale: Making a list of favorite beverages indicates the client's understanding of fluid restrictions. This approach can help the client prioritize their preferred beverages while staying within their prescribed fluid allowance. It shows that the client is aware of the need to be selective in their fluid intake.
Choice D rationale: Although avoiding ice cream is an appropriate action due to its contribution to fluid intake, this statement alone does not necessarily indicate a comprehensive understanding of fluid restrictions. The client must also be aware of the importance of monitoring all sources of fluid intake, including other foods and beverages.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Alteration in body image is a concern, but it’s not the priority. The priority is addressing the client’s physiological needs first.
Choice B rationale:
Impaired tissue perfusion is the priority nursing diagnosis. Varicose veins with ulcerations and edema indicate poor blood flow, which can lead to tissue damage if not addressed.
Choice C rationale:
Impaired skin integrity is a concern due to the ulcerations, but it’s secondary to impaired tissue perfusion.
Choice D rationale:
Alteration in activity tolerance may be present due to the feeling of heaviness, but it’s not the priority.
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