A nurse is caring for a client who has a substance use disorder. Which of the following statements by the nurse is an example of patient-centered care?

A. Severe restlessness. Severe restlessness, known as akathisia, is a potential side effect of antipsychotic medications but is not indicative of agranulocytosis. Akathisia is associated with excessive movement and an inability to stay still, often requiring dose adjustment or medication to alleviate symptoms.
B. Respiratory depression and a comatose state. Respiratory depression and coma are not linked to agranulocytosis but may occur with overdose or central nervous system depression. Agranulocytosis affects white blood cell levels, leading to increased infection risk rather than sedation or respiratory suppression.
C. Sore throat and muscle aches. Sore throat and muscle aches are early signs of agranulocytosis, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by a dangerously low neutrophil count. Clients taking clozapine must undergo regular white blood cell monitoring to detect agranulocytosis early and prevent severe infections.
D. Increased anxiety and suicidal ideations. Increased anxiety and suicidal ideations may be related to psychiatric conditions or medication effects but are not specific to agranulocytosis. Clozapine is primarily used for treatment-resistant schizophrenia and may help reduce suicidal behavior rather than induce it.

A. Diagnosis typically occurs after 40 years of age. Diagnosis typically occurs in late adolescence to early adulthood, not after 40 years of age. While late-onset schizophrenia can occur, it is less common. The disorder usually manifests in the late teens to early 30s, with males often presenting earlier than females.
B. Life expectancy is greater than the general population. Life expectancy is lower than the general population due to factors such as increased risk of suicide, cardiovascular disease, and reduced access to healthcare. The presence of comorbid conditions and lifestyle factors, including smoking and poor diet, further contribute to a shorter lifespan.
C. Co-occurring mental health illnesses are rarely diagnosed. Co-occurring mental health illnesses are frequently diagnosed in individuals with schizophrenia. Conditions such as depression, anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders are common. These comorbidities can complicate treatment and impact overall prognosis.
D. The need for resources increases as the disease progresses into adulthood. The need for resources increases as the disease progresses into adulthood due to worsening functional impairment. Individuals with schizophrenia often require long-term support, including medication management, social services, and rehabilitation programs to maintain stability and quality of life.