A nurse is caring for a client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by Escherichia coli. The nurse understands that this is an example of what type of infection?

Nosocomial infection

Opportunistic infection

Community-acquired infection

Latent infection

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice C reason: Community-acquired infection is an infection that is acquired outside of a health care setting, such as a UTI caused by E. coli. E. coli is a common cause of UTI and is usually found in the intestinal tract or fecal matter.

Choice A reason: Nosocomial infection is an infection that is acquired in a health care setting, such as a surgical site infection or a catheter-associated bloodstream infection. Nosocomial infections are often caused by multidrug-resistant organisms, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE).

Choice B reason: Opportunistic infection is an infection that occurs in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with HIV/AIDS, cancer, or organ transplantation. Opportunistic infections are caused by microorganisms that are normally harmless or part of the normal flora, but become pathogenic when the host's defenses are weakened. Some examples of opportunistic infections are Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, Candida albicans thrush, or cytomegalovirus retinitis.

Choice D reason: Latent infection is an infection that remains dormant or inactive in the host for a period of time, but can reactivate and cause disease when the host's immunity declines. Some examples of latent infections are herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, or Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice C reason: Purulent exudate is a type of exudate that contains pus, which is composed of dead neutrophils, bacteria, and cellular debris. It has a creamy white or yellow, purulent, and sometimes bloody appearance and a foul odor. It is seen in wound infections caused by pyogenic bacteria, such as S. aureus.

Choice A reason: Serous exudate is a type of exudate that contains clear or yellowish fluid that accumulates in body cavities or on the surface of tissues. It has a watery and thin appearance and no odor. It is seen in conditions such as blisters or pericarditis.

Choice B reason: Sanguineous exudate is a type of exudate that contains blood or blood cells that leak from damaged blood vessels. It has a red or brown appearance and no odor. It is seen in conditions such as trauma, surgery, or malignancy.

Choice D reason: Fibrinous exudate is a type of exudate that contains fibrin, which is a protein that forms a meshwork of fibers that seal and stabilize the wound. It has a sticky and thick appearance and no odor. It is seen in conditions such as rheumatic fever or pleurisy.

A. Eradicate the causative microorganism within 24 hours B. Reduce the inflammatory response within 48 hours C. Restore the tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery within 72 hours D. Prevent the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome within 96 hours

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Eradicate the causative microorganism within 24 hours. The goal of antibiotic therapy in septic shock is to eradicate the causative microorganism as soon as possible, preferably within 24 hours of diagnosis or sooner if possible. This can reduce the bacterial load, control the infection, and prevent further complications.

Choice B reason: Reduce the inflammatory response within 48 hours is not the goal of antibiotic therapy in septic shock, as antibiotics do not directly affect the inflammatory response. Antibiotics can indirectly reduce the inflammatory response by eradicating the microorganism that triggers it, but this may take longer than 48 hours to achieve.

Choice C reason: Restore the tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery within 72 hours is not the goal of antibiotic therapy in septic shock, as antibiotics do not directly affect the tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery. Antibiotics can indirectly restore the tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery by eradicating the microorganism that causes vasodilation, hypotension, hypovolemia, and microvascular thrombosis, but this may take longer than 72 hours to achieve.

Choice D reason: Prevent the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome within 96 hours is not the goal of antibiotic therapy in septic shock, as antibiotics do not directly prevent the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Antibiotics can indirectly prevent the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome by eradicating the microorganism that causes tissue hypoxia, lactic acidosis, and organ failure, but this may take longer than 96 hours to achieve.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by Escherichia coli. The nurse understands that this is an example of what type of infection?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a wound infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The nurse notes that the wound has a creamy white or yellow, purulent, and sometimes bloody drainage. The nurse recognizes that this type of drainage is indicative of what type of exudate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is administering antibiotics to a client who has septic shock. The nurse understands that the goal of antibiotic therapy in septic shock is to achieve what outcome?

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has severe sepsis. The nurse observes that the client has tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria, and altered mental status. The nurse understands that these findings are indicative of what type of organ dysfunction?

A nurse is teaching a client who has sepsis about the pathophysiology of the condition. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is caring for a client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by Escherichia coli. The nurse understands that this is an example of what type of infection?