A nurse is caring for a client who has AIDS. Which of the following isolation precautions should the nurse implement?
Droplet precautions
Standard precautions
Airborne precautions
Contact precautions
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Droplet precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted through large respiratory droplets produced by coughing, sneezing, or talking. AIDS, caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), is not transmitted through respiratory droplets, so droplet precautions are not necessary for a client with AIDS.
Choice B reason: Standard precautions are the primary strategy for the prevention of infection transmission and apply to all patients receiving care in hospitals, regardless of their diagnosis or presumed infection status. These precautions include hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves and gowns, and safe injection practices. Since HIV/AIDS can be transmitted through blood and certain body fluids, standard precautions are essential when caring for clients with AIDS.
Choice C reason: Airborne precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted by small droplet nuclei that remain suspended in the air and can be widely dispersed by air currents within a room or over a long distance. HIV/AIDS is not transmitted through the airborne route, so airborne precautions are not indicated for clients with AIDS.
Choice D reason: Contact precautions are used for infections that are spread by direct contact with the patient or indirect contact with surfaces or patient care items. While HIV can be present in body fluids, it is not easily transmitted through casual contact. Therefore, contact precautions are not specifically required for clients with AIDS unless they have other conditions that warrant such precautions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Irrigating the affected eye from the inner corner toward the outer corner is the recommended method for ocular irrigation. This technique helps to flush out the chemical agent without risking further contamination to the other eye or nasal passages.
Choice B reason: Positioning the client sitting up with their head turned toward the right side is appropriate when irrigating the left eye. This position allows gravity to assist in the flow of the irrigation solution away from the unaffected eye, reducing the risk of cross-contamination.
Choice C reason: Placing a strip of pH paper under the upper lid of the affected eye is a critical step in ocular irrigation after a chemical splash. It is used to measure the pH of the ocular surface to ensure that the pH has normalized to a range between 7.0 and 7.2 after irrigation, indicating that the chemical has been adequately flushed out.
Choice D reason: Using sterile water for ocular irrigation is not recommended because it can cause osmotic imbalances and damage to the corneal cells. Instead, normal saline or balanced salt solutions are preferred as they are isotonic and more compatible with the physiological environment of the eye.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Administering aspirin is one of the first interventions for a client experiencing acute angina because aspirin has antiplatelet properties that help prevent blood clots, which can reduce the risk of a heart attack.
Choice B reason: Measuring blood pressure is important but not the first action to take. It provides valuable information about the cardiovascular status of the client and can influence further treatment decisions.
Choice C reason: Administering nitroglycerin is a priority action for acute angina as it helps to dilate the coronary arteries and relieve chest pain. However, it is typically administered after aspirin unless contraindicated.
Choice D reason: Initiating IV access is an important step in the management of acute angina, as it allows for the administration of medications and fluids if needed. However, it is not the first action to take during an acute angina episode.
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