A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy. Which solution should the nurse prepare to infuse for this client?
Isotonic solution
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
Hypertonic solution
Hypotonic solution
The Correct Answer is D
A) Isotonic solution: Isotonic solutions, such as 0.9% sodium chloride, maintain the current sodium levels and fluid balance but do not correct hypernatremia. They are not suitable for lowering elevated sodium levels.
B) Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN): TPN is used for providing comprehensive nutritional support and does not address electrolyte imbalances such as hypernatremia. It is not used to manage sodium levels directly.
C) Hypertonic solution: Hypertonic solutions, such as 3% sodium chloride, increase sodium levels and are used for treating hyponatremia or specific conditions requiring higher sodium concentrations. They would worsen hypernatremia.
D) Hypotonic solution: Hypotonic solutions, like 0.45% sodium chloride (half-normal saline) or Dextrose 5% in water (D5W), are appropriate for treating hypernatremia. They help dilute the sodium concentration in the blood and aid in correcting the elevated sodium levels
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) The client's daily calorie intake: While daily calorie intake is important for understanding a client's nutritional needs and managing their diet, it is not required for calculating BMI. BMI calculation focuses on weight and height rather than caloric intake.
B) The client's waist circumference: Waist circumference is useful for assessing abdominal fat distribution and risk of obesity-related conditions, but it is not needed for calculating BMI. BMI calculation requires height and weight, not waist measurements.
C) The client's height: To calculate BMI, the client's height is essential. BMI is determined by dividing weight in kilograms by the square of height in meters (kg/m²). Accurate height measurement is crucial for this calculation.
D) The client's skinfold thickness: Skinfold thickness measurements are used to estimate body fat percentage but are not required for calculating BMI. BMI relies solely on weight and height, not body fat estimates.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Covering the client with a blanket:
Covering the client with a blanket may help manage chills, but it does not address the underlying cause of the symptoms. Stopping the transfusion takes precedence in ensuring patient safety.
B) Assessing the client's skin for a rash:
Assessing for a rash can help determine if an allergic reaction is occurring, but the priority is to stop the transfusion to prevent further complications and address the immediate risk.
C) Notifying the provider:
Notifying the provider is important for reporting and further management, but the immediate action should be stopping the transfusion to prevent potential adverse effects.
D) Stopping the transfusion:
Stopping the transfusion is the priority action as it addresses the immediate risk of a transfusion reaction, such as an allergic reaction or transfusion-related infection. This action helps prevent further complications and ensures the client's safety.
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