A nurse is caring for a client who has nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following client statements can be expected?
I can expect to have swelling in my face.
I lose protein in my urine.
I should increase my sodium intake.
I should expect my provider to prescribe a kidney biopsy.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason:
Swelling in the face, particularly around the eyes, is a common symptom of nephrotic syndrome. This condition causes the kidneys to leak large amounts of protein into the urine, leading to a decrease in blood protein levels. This imbalance causes fluid to accumulate in tissues, resulting in swelling (edema), especially in areas like the face and ankles.
Choice B reason:
Losing protein in the urine, known as proteinuria, is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome. The condition damages the glomeruli in the kidneys, which are responsible for filtering waste and retaining essential proteins. When these filters are damaged, proteins like albumin leak into the urine, leading to significant protein loss.
Choice C reason:
Increasing sodium intake is not recommended for clients with nephrotic syndrome. In fact, a low-sodium diet is often advised to help manage symptoms such as swelling and high blood pressure. Excess sodium can exacerbate fluid retention and worsen edema.
Choice D reason:
A kidney biopsy is a common diagnostic procedure for nephrotic syndrome. It involves taking a small sample of kidney tissue to examine under a microscope. This helps determine the underlying cause of the syndrome and guides treatment decisions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Reducing the intake of vitamin K-rich foods is not recommended for preventing osteoporosis. Vitamin K plays a crucial role in bone health by helping to regulate calcium in the bones and blood. It is essential for the formation of osteocalcin, a protein that binds calcium to the bone matrix, thereby strengthening bones1. Therefore, reducing vitamin K intake could negatively impact bone health.
Choice B reason:
Reducing sodium intake is beneficial for preventing osteoporosis. High sodium intake can lead to increased calcium excretion in the urine, which can weaken bones over time2. Lowering sodium intake helps to retain calcium in the body, promoting better bone health.
Choice C reason:
Decreasing caffeine intake is advisable for preventing osteoporosis. Excessive caffeine consumption can interfere with calcium absorption and increase calcium excretion, which can weaken bones. Limiting caffeine intake helps to ensure that more calcium is available for bone maintenance and strength.
Choice D reason:
Limiting the intake of soft drinks is also recommended for preventing osteoporosis. Many soft drinks contain phosphoric acid, which can lead to an imbalance in calcium and phosphorus levels in the body, potentially weakening bones. Reducing soft drink consumption helps to maintain a healthier balance of these minerals, supporting bone health.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Providing the client with articles from the internet that explain colon cancer stages is not the best approach. While it is important for the client to understand their condition, the nurse should ensure that the information is accurate and tailored to the client’s specific situation. Additionally, the nurse should facilitate a direct conversation between the client and the healthcare provider to address any questions or concerns.
Choice B reason: Encouraging the client to write down questions to ask the provider is an excellent approach. This empowers the client to actively participate in their care and ensures that they have a clear understanding of their diagnosis and treatment options. It also helps the client to remember important questions during their consultation with the provider.
Choice C reason: Explaining the various options available for treatment based on the cancer stage is not within the nurse’s scope of practice. Detailed discussions about treatment options should be conducted by the healthcare provider, who has the expertise to provide accurate and comprehensive information tailored to the client’s specific medical condition.
Choice D reason: Assuring the client that the provider will explain what has been planned is a supportive response, but it does not actively engage the client in their care. While it is important to reassure the client, the nurse should also encourage the client to prepare questions and participate in discussions with the provider to ensure they fully understand their treatment plan.
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