A nurse is caring for a client who is it at risk for a pressure injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A) A client who has heart failure and peripheral edema:
While heart failure and peripheral edema are significant conditions that require medical attention, they are chronic issues that, in most cases, are not immediately life-threatening in an emergency department setting unless there is acute decompensated heart failure or signs of severe fluid overload or respiratory distress.

B) A client who reports urinary burning and a temperature of 29.2° C (102.5°F):
This client is febrile, which suggests an infection, possibly a urinary tract infection (UTI). Although fever and urinary burning are concerning, infection-related fevers generally don't pose an immediate life threat unless there is sepsis or severe systemic involvement. A temperature of 102.5°F is significant, but the client's condition is not as urgent as other life-threatening emergencies like an arrhythmia or severe cardiovascular instability.

C) A client who has cirrhosis of the liver and bruising on their arms:
Bruising in a client with cirrhosis of the liver could indicate bleeding tendencies, which is an important concern. However, unless there is active bleeding or signs of severe liver failure (e.g., confusion, ascites, jaundice), this is not an immediate, life-threatening situation.

D) A client who has a new onset of atrial fibrillation and a heart rate of 152/min:
A new onset of atrial fibrillation (AF) with a heart rate of 152/min is an immediate priority. This is a life-threatening arrhythmia that can lead to decreased cardiac output, risk of stroke, and hemodynamic instability. A heart rate of 152 beats per minute is dangerously high, which could lead to tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy or cardiogenic shock. Immediate intervention is needed to manage the arrhythmia and prevent further complications.

A) Safety needs:
In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, safety needs are the second level, after physiological needs, and include the need for security and protection from harm. In this scenario, the client’s concern about where to hide their cellphone during the procedure reflects anxiety related to the potential loss or theft of personal property, which relates to safety and security. By offering to lock the cellphone in a secure area, the nurse is addressing the client's need for safety and reassurance about their belongings while undergoing a medical procedure.

B) Esteem needs:
Esteem needs are related to feelings of self-worth, accomplishment, and respect from others. While a person’s sense of esteem can be affected by how others treat their belongings, this particular situation does not relate to the client seeking recognition or respect. The client’s anxiety about where to place the cellphone is more about feeling secure and protected, rather than about esteem or recognition from others.

C) Love and belonging needs:
Love and belonging needs are associated with the need for interpersonal relationships, affection, and social connections. While the nurse’s interaction with the client may help foster a sense of comfort and connection, the concern about the cellphone does not stem from a need for social support or relationships. Instead, it is related to safety and security.

D) Physiological needs:
Physiological needs represent the most basic level of Maslow's hierarchy and include things like air, food, water, and shelter. Although the client is preparing for a medical procedure, their concern about the cellphone does not fall under this category. The focus here is on the safety of the client’s belongings, which is a higher-level need than basic physiological survival.