A nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.
Which of the following is a treatment for cancer?

Choice A rationale

Furosemide is a loop diuretic that acts on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, not the distal tubule.

Choice B rationale

Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that works on the collecting ducts and late distal tubules, not the distal tubule.

Choice C rationale

Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that acts on the proximal tubule and the descending limb of the loop of Henle, not the distal tubule.

Choice D rationale

Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that works on the distal convoluted tubule, making it the correct answer.

Choice A rationale

While metformin is commonly used as a first-line medication for type 2 diabetes, this choice does not specifically address a critical safety concern related to metformin.

Choice B rationale

Metformin can interact with contrast dyes used in imaging studies, increasing the risk of acute renal failure due to lactic acidosis. Patients need to be aware of this interaction to avoid potential complications.

Choice C rationale

Metformin is used to lower blood glucose levels, not increase them. This choice is incorrect.

Choice D rationale

While metformin is associated with less weight gain compared to other diabetes medications, this choice does not address the critical interaction with contrast dye.