A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a mechanically altered diet.
Which of the following food choices necessitates intervention by the nurse?
Scrambled eggs.
Piece of wheat toast.
Cottage cheese.
Sliced banana.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Scrambled eggs are soft and easy to chew and swallow, making them appropriate for a mechanically altered diet.
Choice B rationale:
Wheat toast is hard and requires more chewing, which may be difficult for a client on a mechanically altered diet.
Choice C rationale:
Cottage cheese is soft and easy to chew and swallow, making it appropriate for a mechanically altered diet.
Choice D rationale:
A sliced banana is soft and easy to chew and swallow, making it appropriate for a mechanically altered diet.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B.
Choice A rationale:
A client who has NPO (nothing by mouth) status since midnight for an endoscopy could be at risk for fluid volume deficit. NPO status means the client has not been able to consume fluids orally, which could lead to a decrease in fluid intake. However, the risk is relatively low if the NPO status has only been in place since midnight and the client is otherwise healthy.
Choice B rationale:
A client who has heart failure and is receiving diuretic therapy is at a high risk for fluid volume deficit. Diuretics are used in heart failure to remove excess fluid from the body, but they can also lead to fluid volume deficit if not properly managed. This is because diuretics increase urine output, which can lead to a loss of fluid and electrolytes.
Choice C rationale:
A client who has gastroenteritis and is receiving oral fluids is not typically at risk for fluid volume deficit. Gastroenteritis can cause fluid loss through diarrhea and vomiting, but if the client is able to consume and retain oral fluids, they can usually maintain their fluid balance.
Choice D rationale:
A client who has end-stage kidney disease and will undergo dialysis could be at risk for fluid volume deficit, but this risk is typically well-managed during dialysis. Dialysis removes waste and excess fluid from the blood, and fluid intake is carefully monitored and adjusted based on the individual’s needs. Therefore, while there is a potential risk, it is usually well-controlled under the care of healthcare professionals.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Hyperventilation is a compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis, not a cause. It helps to eliminate carbon dioxide, a weak acid, to balance the pH.
Choice B rationale:
Diarrhea causes loss of bicarbonate, a base, from the body. This can lead to metabolic acidosis as there is an excess of acids.
Choice C rationale:
Salicylate intoxication can cause both respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis. However, it is not the most common cause of metabolic acidosis.
Choice D rationale:
Vomiting leads to loss of gastric acid, a strong acid. This usually results in metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis.
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