A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following client measurements should the nurse compare before and after dialysis treatment to determine fluid losses?

Neck vein distention

Body weight

Abdominal girth

Blood pressure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

a. Neck vein distention: Neck vein distention may indicate fluid overload, but it is not a direct measure of fluid losses.

b. Body weight: Monitoring body weight before and after hemodialysis provides a direct

measure of fluid losses. Hemodialysis removes excess fluid, and changes in body weight reflect fluid balance.

c. Abdominal girth: Abdominal girth may be affected by fluid accumulation but is not a direct measure of fluid losses during hemodialysis.

d. Blood pressure: While blood pressure may be influenced by fluid status, it is not a specific measure of fluid losses during hemodialysis. Body weight is a more direct indicator of fluid removal.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

a. Heart rate 90/min: A heart rate of 90/min is within the normal range, and it is not an abnormal finding postoperatively.

b. Serum potassium 3.7 g/dL: The serum potassium level of 3.7 g/dL is within the normal range, and it is not an abnormal finding postoperatively.

c. Bowel sounds 10/min: Bowel sounds of 10/min are within the normal range and indicate return of bowel function postoperatively.

d. Urine output 48 m/2 hr: A urine output of 48 m/2 hr is less than the expected urine output (30 mL/hr), and it may indicate inadequate renal perfusion or function. This finding should be

reported to the provider.

A. Urinary retention B. Urinary incontinence C. Urinary frequency D. Urinary tract infection

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

a. Urinary retention: Dark amber, cloudy, and malodorous urine is not typically associated with urinary retention. Urinary retention usually results in a lower-than-normal urine output.

b. Urinary incontinence: Incontinence refers to the inability to control urine flow and does not directly cause changes in urine color, clarity, or odor.

c. Urinary frequency: Increased frequency of urination is not typically associated with dark amber, cloudy, and malodorous urine.

d. Urinary tract infection (UTI): Dark amber, cloudy, and foul-smelling urine are common signs of a urinary tract infection. The infection causes changes in the appearance and odor of urine due to the presence of bacteria and inflammatory cells.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following client measurements should the nurse compare before and after dialysis treatment to determine fluid losses?

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