client tells a nurse that she tested positive for a mutant BRCA-1 gene. The nurse should recognize that this finding increases the client's risk for which of the following conditions?

a. Restrict oral fluids to 800 to 1,000 mL/day: Hyponatremia is a characteristic finding in SIADH, and fluid restriction is a key intervention to correct the imbalance.

b. Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride: Infusing hypertonic (3%) saline may be indicated in severe cases of hyponatremia, but the initial step is fluid restriction.

c. Ensure the client receives a 2 g/day sodium diet: Dietary sodium restriction is not the primary intervention for SIADH. Fluid restriction is more critical.

d. Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally: Desmopressin acetate is an antidiuretic

hormone and would exacerbate the retention of water, further decreasing sodium levels. It is not the appropriate intervention for this client.

a. Instruct the client to place his chin to his chest and swallow: This technique helps facilitate the passage of the nasogastric tube through the pharynx and into the esophagus.

b. Withdraw the tube if the client gags during insertion: Gagging is a normal response, and

withdrawing the tube may lead to repeated attempts and discomfort for the client. Encouraging the client to swallow can help overcome the gag reflex.

c. Place the client in a supine position: The client is usually positioned in a semi-Fowler's position or upright to ease tube insertion and minimize the risk of aspiration.

d. Measure the tube for insertion from the tip of the nose to the umbilicus: The proper

measurement for nasogastric tube insertion is typically from the tip of the nose to the earlobe and then down to the xiphoid process, not the umbilicus.