A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intravenous therapy and observes redness and inflammation along the vein. The nurse should identify this finding as which of the following complications of IV therapy?

Choice A Reason:
Increase in serum glucose is incorrect. Desmopressin, which is a synthetic form of vasopressin, primarily affects water reabsorption in the kidneys and doesn't directly impact glucose levels. Therefore, an increase in serum glucose wouldn't be an expected therapeutic response to desmopressin for diabetes insipidus.
Choice B Reason:
Decrease in blood pressure is incorrect. Desmopressin is primarily used for its antidiuretic effect, concentrating urine by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys. It typically doesn't have a significant impact on blood pressure. Therefore, a decrease in blood pressure wouldn't typically be an anticipated therapeutic response to desmopressin in this context.
Choice C Reason:
Decrease in urine output is correct. Desmopressin is a synthetic form of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) used to treat diabetes insipidus, a condition characterized by excessive urination and extreme thirst due to the inability to concentrate urine. The primary goal of desmopressin is to reduce urine output by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys, thereby decreasing excessive urination. Therefore, a decrease in urine output would indicate a therapeutic response to the medication in this context.
Choice D Reason:
Increase in WBC count is incorrect. Desmopressin's action is centered on affecting kidney function by regulating water reabsorption and does not involve changes in white blood cell count. Consequently, an increase in WBC count wouldn't be an expected therapeutic response to desmopressin for diabetes insipidus.

Choice A Reason:
"You should monitor for hearing difficulties." is correct. Loop diuretics like bumetanide can occasionally cause ototoxicity, resulting in hearing difficulties or ringing in the ears (tinnitus) as a potential adverse effect. It's important for clients taking these medications to be aware of such symptoms and report them promptly to their healthcare provider.
Choice B Reason:
"You should take the medication at bedtime." Is incorrect. Bumetanide is commonly prescribed to be taken in the morning to avoid nighttime diuresis and potential sleep disruption due to increased urination.
Choice C Reason:
"You should decrease your intake of foods high in potassium." Is incorrect. Loop diuretics often lead to potassium loss, so clients may actually need to increase their intake of potassium-rich foods or take potassium supplements under healthcare provider guidance to maintain normal potassium levels.
Choice D Reason:
"You should take this medication on an empty stomach." Is incorrect. Bumetanide can be taken with or without food, so it's not necessary to take it on an empty stomach.