A nurse is caring for a client who will begin a prolonged course of prednisone to treat a multiple sclerosis flare. What information should the nurse include in the education about this medication?

"This medication can cause fluid volume deficit."

"This medication can cause significant weight loss."

"This medication can cause you to retain sodium."

"This medication can cause thickening of the skin."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is more commonly associated with fluid retention rather than fluid volume deficit. Fluid volume deficit would generally be a concern with diuretics or other medications that increase urine output. Prednisone can lead to fluid retention and edema, not a deficit.
B.   Prednisone is more likely to cause weight gain rather than weight loss. Corticosteroids can increase appetite and lead to fluid retention, both of which contribute to weight gain. Significant weight loss is not a typical side effect of prednisone.
C.   Prednisone and other corticosteroids can cause sodium retention, which can lead to fluid retention and hypertension. Sodium retention is a common side effect of corticosteroids, and it contributes to the fluid retention and potential weight gain associated with these medications.
D.   Prednisone can cause thinning of the skin rather than thickening. Long-term use of corticosteroids can lead to skin thinning, increased bruising, and easy tearing of the skin. Thickening of the skin is not a common side effect of prednisone.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Parkinson's disease is not generally considered to be caused by an autoimmune reaction or a recent infection. Autoimmune reactions leading to neurodegeneration are more commonly associated with other conditions such as multiple sclerosis, not Parkinson's disease.
B. The exact cause of Parkinson's disease is indeed unknown, but research suggests that it results from a combination of genetic predispositions and environmental factors. Genetic mutations may contribute to the development of Parkinson's disease in some individuals, while environmental factors such as exposure to certain toxins or other external influences might also play a role. The interplay between these factors is still being studied.
C. There is no evidence to support the idea that Parkinson's disease is caused by the reactivation of a virus affecting cranial nerve VII (the facial nerve). Parkinson's disease involves the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, not specifically related to viral reactivation or isolated to cranial nerve VII.
D. Demyelination of nerves is characteristic of multiple sclerosis, not Parkinson's disease. In Parkinson's disease, the primary issue is the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain, not demyelination. This option describes a different pathological process unrelated to Parkinson's disease.

A. Allows for long-term administration of chemotherapy B. Can be used to implant radioactive material for internal radiation treatments C. Eliminates the risk of infection associated with accessing a blood vessel D. Reduces the risk of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy medication

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Chemotherapy often requires multiple infusions over a long period, and a CVAD provides a reliable and convenient access point for these treatments. It allows for the continuous or intermittent administration of chemotherapy drugs, which are often irritating to veins and require precise dosing.
B. While CVADs are used for administering chemotherapy and other treatments, they are not typically used to implant radioactive material for internal radiation (brachytherapy).
C. While CVADs reduce the need for repeated venipunctures and can help manage the complications of frequent injections, they do not eliminate the risk of infection. CVADs can themselves become a source of infection if not properly maintained, as they are open to the external environment.
D. The placement of a CVAD does not directly affect the side effects of chemotherapy, such as nausea and vomiting. The CVAD’s role is primarily related to the administration of medications and access to blood vessels.

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A nurse is caring for a client who will begin a prolonged course of prednisone to treat a multiple sclerosis flare. What information should the nurse include in the education about this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease asks the nurse "Why did I develop this disease? What caused it?" Which response should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client who will be undergoing chemotherapy and internal radiation for cancer treatment asks the nurse why they are scheduled for the placement of a central venous access device (CVAD). Which of the following is a benefit of placing a CVAD for someone who will be undergoing cancer treatment?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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