A nurse is caring for a client whose current bag of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has finished infusing, and the next bag is not yet available. Which of the following fluids should the nurse prepare to administer?

A) Monitor the client for seizure activity: While diazepam is an anticonvulsant medication and may be used to prevent or treat seizures, it is unlikely to cause seizure activity as an adverse reaction when administered for moderate sedation. However, if the client has a history of seizures or is at risk for seizures, monitoring for seizure activity is essential. In the context of moderate sedation, the primary concern is related to the sedative effects of diazepam rather than seizure activity.

B) Check the client's urinary output: Monitoring urinary out’ut is important for assessing renal function and fluid balance, but it is not directly related to assessing adverse reactions to diazepam. Adverse reactions to diazepam typically involve central nervous system depression, respiratory depression, or cardiovascular effects. Monitoring urinary output may be part of routine nursing care but is not specific to assessing adverse reactions to diazepam.

C) Monitor the client's oxygen saturation: This is the correct’action. Monitoring the client's oxygen saturation is essential for det’cting adverse reactions to diazepam, such as respiratory depression or hypoventilation. Diazepam can cause respiratory depression, especially when administered in higher doses or in combination with other sedative medications. Monitoring oxygen saturation allows the nurse to detect any signs of hypoxemia early and intervene promptly to ensure adequate oxygenation.

D) Auscultate the client's bowel sounds: While assessing bowel so’nds is important for evaluating gastrointestinal function, it is not directly related to assessing adverse reactions to diazepam. Adverse reactions to diazepam typically involve effects on the central nervous system and respiratory system rather than gastrointestinal function. Monitoring bowel sounds may be part of routine nursing assessment but is not specific to assessing adverse reactions to diazepam.

A) "Reading back the provider's prescription is only necessary for high alert medications": Reading back the provider's prescription is a crucial step in preventing medication errors and should be done for all medications, not just high alert ones. Verbal orders are prone to miscommunication, so repeating the order back to the provider helps ensure accuracy and clarity.

B) "Providers should cosign all verbal prescriptions": This is the correct intervention. Verbal prescriptions are considered high risk for medication errors due to misinterpretation or miscommunication. Having the provider cosign verbal prescriptions adds an extra layer of verification and accountability, reducing the likelihood of errors.

C) "Utilize assistive personnel as a witness to verbal provider prescriptions": While involving another healthcare professional as a witness to verbal prescriptions may provide additional verification, it is not a standard practice and may not be feasible in all situations. Relying solely on assistive personnel for this purpose may not ensure accuracy and could introduce potential communication errors.

D) "Safe abbreviations should only be used by providers": Safe abbreviations should be used by all healthcare team members, not just providers, to prevent medication errors. Standardizing abbreviations reduces the risk of misinterpretation and enhances communication among healthcare providers.